Strongyloides venezuelensis infection in Syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus, with reference to the phenotype of intestinal mucosal mast cells.

Syrian golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus, was found to be a moderately susceptible host for the intestinal helminth, Strongyloides venezuelensis. After infection by subcutaneous inoculation with 3000 infective larvae (L3), about 20% of them became adult worms in the small intestine, and, after a stable infection up to day 20, adult worms were slowly and gradually expelled towards day 45. Before infection, mast cells in the jejunum were about 30/10 villus crypt units and over 80% of them were formalin-resistant and berberine sulphate-fluorescence positive. After infection with S. venezuelensis, the number of intestinal mast cells gradually increased with time and about a half of them were formalin-sensitive and berberine sulphate fluorescence-negative. Intraepithelial migration of mast cells was never seen before and after infection. Heterogeneity of mucosal mast cells in terms of granular proteoglycans was further confirmed by the determination of critical electrolyte concentration. In spite of the heterogeneity of proteoglycans, enzyme-histochemical study revealed that practically all mucosal mast cells of Syrian golden hamsters were positive for chymase but negative for tryptase. Mast cells in the skin and tongue were also positive for chymase but negative for tryptase. Together with our previous study on mucosal mast cells of other rodents, phenotypic variances of mucosal mast cells seem to be closely related to the protective capacity against the genus Strongyloides.