Tomporowski P D, Tinsley V, Hager L D
University of Alabama.
Percept Mot Skills. 1994 Dec;79(3 Pt 2):1479-90. doi: 10.2466/pms.1994.79.3f.1479.
18 adults, 17 ADHD children, and 18 non-ADHD children performed a choice-response task on which the spatial location of a target was sometimes compatible and sometimes incompatible with priming cues that varied between 50 and 1000 msec. Children's response latencies differed from adults' response latencies as a function of the delay between priming cue and target onset. A cost-benefit analysis indicated that valid stimulus cues facilitated performance and invalid stimulus cues impeded performance similarly for the three groups. Choice-response errors following invalid cues did not differ between ADHD and non-ADHD children; however, adults made more choice errors than children at 150-msec. and 300-msec. delay intervals. Developmental factors that may underlie differences between children's and adults' response speed and response accuracy are discussed.
18名成年人、17名患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童和18名非ADHD儿童进行了一项选择反应任务，在该任务中，目标的空间位置有时与启动线索一致，有时不一致，启动线索的变化时间在50到1000毫秒之间。儿童的反应潜伏期与成年人的反应潜伏期不同，这是启动线索与目标出现之间延迟的函数。成本效益分析表明，有效的刺激线索对三组的表现都有促进作用，无效的刺激线索对三组的表现都有类似的阻碍作用。ADHD儿童和非ADHD儿童在无效线索后的选择反应错误没有差异；然而，在150毫秒和300毫秒的延迟间隔下，成年人比儿童犯的选择错误更多。文中讨论了可能导致儿童和成年人反应速度及反应准确性差异的发育因素。
