van Lier R, van der Helm P, Leeuwenberg E
Nijmegen Institute for Cognition and Information (NICI), University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Perception. 1994;23(8):883-903. doi: 10.1068/p230883.
The phenomenon of visual occlusion has frequently been studied by means of two-dimensional line drawings. These drawings may elicit various interpretations. Sometimes a mosaic of shapes is seen, sometimes a shape that partly occludes another shape. In the latter case, observers often have a clear idea about the form of the partly occluded shape. Local and global pattern aspects both seem to be decisive with respect to the preferred interpretation. An attempt is made to integrate these aspects by applying the global-minimum principle to the perceptual complexity of three distinct components of those pattern interpretations: (i) The internal structure, dealing with each of the shapes separately, (ii) the external structure, dealing with the positional relation between these shapes, and (iii) the virtual structure, dealing with the occluded parts of the shapes. The perceptual complexity of each of these three components can be expressed in terms of structural information. The hypothesis that the perceptually preferred interpretation is the one for which the total information load is minimal is tested on many patterns stemming from different studies on pattern completion.
视觉遮挡现象经常通过二维线条图进行研究。这些图可能会引发各种不同的解读。有时会看到一个形状拼接图，有时会看到一个部分遮挡另一个形状的形状。在后一种情况下，观察者通常对部分被遮挡形状的形式有清晰的概念。局部和全局模式方面似乎对于首选解读都具有决定性作用。人们试图通过将全局最小原则应用于那些模式解读的三个不同组成部分的感知复杂性来整合这些方面：（i）内部结构，分别处理每个形状；（ii）外部结构，处理这些形状之间的位置关系；（iii）虚拟结构，处理形状的被遮挡部分。这三个组成部分中每个部分的感知复杂性都可以用结构信息来表示。关于感知上首选的解读是总信息负荷最小的那种解读这一假设，在源自不同模式完成研究的许多模式上进行了检验。
