Abdulla F A, Calaminici M R, Stephenson J D, Sinden J D
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1993;111(4):508-11. doi: 10.1007/BF02253544.
Nicotine, scopolamine, oxotremorine, diisopropyl-fluorophosphate (DFP) and tetrahydroaminoacridine (THA) were administered chronically to different groups of rats in doses reported to alter central muscarinic and/or nicotinic receptor numbers. Beginning 24 h after final drug injection, the groups were compared to a vehicle control group on acquisition of a hidden platform position in the Morris water maze over 20 trials with a 30-min inter-trial interval. Chronic treatment with either nicotine or scopolamine significantly improved the rate of learning, but oxotremorine and DFP retarded learning and THA had no effect on learning. The chronic drug effects on behaviour were consistent with known effects of the injected drugs on muscarinic and nicotinic binding in the forebrain and on the sensitivity of frontal cortex neurones to iontophoretically applied cholinoceptor agonists. However, alternative explanations for the observed changes cannot be ruled out, since the drugs used are known to have a wide range of effects on other neurotransmitters.
将尼古丁、东莨菪碱、氧化震颤素、二异丙基氟磷酸酯（DFP）和四氢氨基吖啶（THA）长期给予不同组别的大鼠，所使用的剂量据报道会改变中枢毒蕈碱和/或烟碱样受体数量。在最后一次药物注射24小时后，将这些组与一个溶剂对照组进行比较，观察它们在莫里斯水迷宫中寻找隐藏平台位置的情况，共进行20次试验，每次试验间隔30分钟。长期使用尼古丁或东莨菪碱治疗可显著提高学习速度，但氧化震颤素和DFP会延缓学习，而THA对学习没有影响。药物对行为的长期影响与注射药物对前脑毒蕈碱和烟碱样结合以及额叶皮质神经元对离子电渗法应用的胆碱能受体激动剂的敏感性的已知影响一致。然而，由于已知所使用的药物对其他神经递质有广泛影响，因此不能排除对观察到的变化的其他解释。
