Havenstein G B, Ferket P R, Scheideler S E, Rives D V
Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695-7608.
Poult Sci. 1994 Dec;73(12):1795-804. doi: 10.3382/ps.0731795.
Whole carcass yield and the yield of parts (i.e., wings, saddle and legs, Pectoralis major, Pectoralis minor, breast skin, rack, abdominal fat pad, heart, and lungs), as well as whole carcass analysis for fat, moisture, and ash, were measured in the 1957 Athens-Canadian Randombred Control (ACRBC) and in the 1991 Arbor Acres (AA) feather-sexable strain, when fed "typical" 1957 and 1991 diets. Using the average of both sexes, the carcass weights of the 1991 birds on the 1991 diets were 4.4, 3.9, and 3.5 times heavier than those from the 1957 ACRBC on the 1957 diet at 43, 71, and 84 d of age, respectively. Birds fed the 1991 diets had significantly heavier carcass weights than those fed the 1957 diets. Hot carcass yield of the AA broiler (mean of both sexes) was approximately 6 to 7% higher at the same age than for the ACRBC. Water uptake in the carcass (following a 60-min immersion in ice water) was approximately 2 to 2.5% higher in the ACRBC than in the AA broiler. Yield of saddle and legs as a percentage of live BW was about 4% higher in the AA than in the ACRBC. Dietary regimen did not affect the yield of saddle and legs. Males had 2 to 3% more saddle and legs than the females. The yield of total breast meat for the AA was approximately 3% higher (mean = 16.9%) than for the ACRBC over both sexes and all ages. Breast yield on the 1991 diets was approximately 1.2% higher for the AA than for the ACRBC. Females had slightly higher breast yield (1%) than males. The AA broiler had consistently heavier fat pads and higher percentage carcass fat at the same age and on the same diet than did the ACRBC. The percentage carcass fat was significantly higher on the 1991 vs the 1957 diet and in females vs males. The male-female difference in percentage carcass fat increased with age. Heart and lung size as a percentage of live BW were lower in the AA than in the ACRBC.
在1957年雅典-加拿大随机杂交对照品系（ACRBC）和1991年阿伯丁安格斯羽速自别雌雄品系（AA）中，当给它们饲喂“典型的”1957年和1991年日粮时，测定了全胴体产量和各部位产量（即翅膀、鞍部和腿部、胸大肌、胸小肌、胸皮、肋骨、腹部脂肪垫、心脏和肺），以及全胴体的脂肪、水分和灰分分析。以两性的平均值计算，1991年日粮喂养的1991品系鸡在43日龄、71日龄和84日龄时的胴体重分别比1957年日粮喂养的1957年ACRBC品系鸡重4.4倍、3.9倍和3.5倍。饲喂1991年日粮的鸡的胴体重显著高于饲喂1957年日粮的鸡。在相同年龄时，AA肉鸡（两性平均值）的热胴体产量比ACRBC高约6%至7%。ACRBC品系鸡胴体（在冰水中浸泡60分钟后）的吸水量比AA肉鸡高约2%至2.5%。AA品系鸡鞍部和腿部产量占活体重的百分比比ACRBC高约4%。日粮方案对鞍部和腿部产量没有影响。雄性的鞍部和腿部比雌性多2%至3%。AA品系鸡的全胸肉产量在所有性别和年龄上比ACRBC高约3%（平均值=16.9%）。1991年日粮喂养时，AA品系鸡的胸肉产量比ACRBC高约1.2%。雌性的胸肉产量略高于雄性（1%）。在相同年龄和相同日粮条件下，AA肉鸡的脂肪垫始终比ACRBC重，胴体脂肪百分比也更高。与1957年日粮相比，1991年日粮的胴体脂肪百分比显著更高，雌性的胴体脂肪百分比也高于雄性。胴体脂肪百分比的雌雄差异随年龄增加。AA品系鸡心脏和肺的大小占活体重的百分比低于ACRBC品系鸡。
