Krogulski A
Zakładu Higieny Komunalnej Państwowego Zakładu Higieny, Warszawie.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 1994;45(1-2):151-5.
Among the contaminants of water, soil and air the number of mutagenic and carcinogenic substances is increasing. For the assessment of health risk connected with the simple and cheap methods are necessary which could detected and measure the mutagenicity of these substances. The widely used tests using prokaryotes give negative results in the tests of certain substances which are carcinogenic in mammals. In the case of benzene and acetaldehyde Ames test gives false negative results, and in the case of formaldehyde the results are equivocal. An advantage of fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster used for this purpose is that its cell structures, enzymes and metabolic processes are similar to those of mammals. For the demonstration of mutagenicity of benzene, acetaldehyde and formaldehyde the test of somatic mutation and recombination SMART was carried out in these flies. The results confirmed the usefulness of the SMART test for the demonstration of the mutagenicity of contaminants in the environment.
在水、土壤和空气的污染物中，诱变和致癌物质的数量正在增加。为了评估与之相关的健康风险，需要简单且廉价的方法来检测和测量这些物质的诱变性。广泛使用的原核生物测试对某些在哺乳动物中具有致癌性的物质测试结果为阴性。对于苯和乙醛，艾姆斯试验给出假阴性结果，而对于甲醛，结果不明确。用于此目的的果蝇（黑腹果蝇）的一个优点是其细胞结构、酶和代谢过程与哺乳动物相似。为了证明苯、乙醛和甲醛的诱变性，在这些果蝇中进行了体细胞突变和重组试验（SMART）。结果证实了SMART试验在证明环境污染物诱变性方面的有用性。
