Krogulski A, Borkowska M
Zakład Higieny Komunalnej, Państwowy Zakład Higieny, Warszawa.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 1996;47(2):175-80.
For assessing of the environmental contamination with potentially carcinogenic mutagens the possibility of the measurement of the mutagenic activity of the substances absorbed on dust suspended in air would be important. These substances include at least several hundreds of organic compounds. Only a small part of them have been studied in detail, and, on the other hand, it is known that at least a score of them are carcinogenic. Additionally, the presence of some of them can change significantly the action of other ones. Because of that, the effects of a mixture of these substances should be studied as a whole. The fact that the discussed contaminants are present in the air and can be transported over great distances causes that they are dangerous to man both directly (when inhaled) and trough contamination of water, soil and food. Parallel use in the described method of two cross-bred strains of fruit flies made possible separate assessment of the activity of mutagens and promutagens requiring activation in presence of cytochrome P 450. The use of the eukaryotic organism in which mutations are observed in many cells in one individual (about 2500) enables reliable data to be obtained about the degree of human health risk.
为了评估环境中潜在致癌诱变剂的污染情况，测量空气中悬浮尘埃上吸附物质的诱变活性具有重要意义。这些物质至少包括数百种有机化合物。其中只有一小部分得到了详细研究，另一方面，已知其中至少有二十种具有致癌性。此外，其中一些物质的存在会显著改变其他物质的作用。因此，应将这些物质的混合物作为一个整体来研究其影响。所讨论的污染物存在于空气中且可远距离传播，这使得它们对人类既直接构成危险（吸入时），又会通过污染水、土壤和食物造成危害。在所描述的方法中同时使用两种杂交品系的果蝇，使得能够分别评估诱变剂和需要在细胞色素P 450存在下激活的前诱变剂的活性。使用真核生物，在一个个体中许多细胞（约2500个）都能观察到突变，从而能够获得关于人类健康风险程度的可靠数据。
