Macdonald A G
Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow.
Br J Anaesth. 1994 Dec;73(6):847-56. doi: 10.1093/bja/73.6.847.
Fires and explosions have occurred in the operating theatre for many years. Flammable inhalation anaesthetic agents were responsible for many incidents in the past, but these are no longer available in many countries. Other causes of fires and explosions still exist in the operating theatre and, from time to time, result in serious and occasionally fatal injury. Flammable gastrointestinal gases have been the cause of injury to patients during gastric surgery, laparoscopy and during examination of the large bowel with electrical instrumentation. Gases formed in the bladder during urological procedures have ignited, causing rupture. Alcohol-based skin cleaning agents have resulted in severe burns to the skin. Equipment used for storage and delivery of oxygen to patients has caused fires in a variety of ways. Adhesive skin drapes have resulted recently in two tragic deaths. The increasing use of laser therapy, particularly in ear, nose and throat surgery, and in oral surgery, has brought about a renewed awareness of the risk of fire. The relevant factors which should be borne in mind and the precautions which should be adopted when laser therapy is to be used in the airway are discussed.
手术室多年来一直发生火灾和爆炸事故。过去，易燃吸入麻醉剂是许多事故的罪魁祸首，但现在许多国家已不再使用这类麻醉剂。手术室中仍存在引发火灾和爆炸的其他原因，不时会导致严重伤害，偶尔还会造成致命伤。在胃部手术、腹腔镜检查以及使用电动器械检查大肠期间，易燃的胃肠道气体导致患者受伤。泌尿外科手术过程中膀胱内形成的气体被点燃，引发破裂。含酒精的皮肤清洁制剂导致皮肤严重烧伤。用于储存和向患者输送氧气的设备以多种方式引发火灾。粘性皮肤手术单最近导致了两起悲惨死亡事件。激光治疗的使用日益增加，尤其是在耳鼻喉科手术和口腔外科手术中，这使人们重新意识到火灾风险。本文讨论了在气道中使用激光治疗时应牢记的相关因素以及应采取的预防措施。
