Keller R J, Elliott C
CRNA. 1994 Nov;5(4):136-8.
A 44-year-old man presented with a history of sudden onset left flank pain, accompanied by nausea and microhematuria. The diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction calculus was made and the patient was scheduled for extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). ESWL uses an electrical spark to generate a shock wave that is focused on a stone in the ureter or kidney. The shock waves mechanically stress and crush the stone, eliminating the need for manipulation or open procedure. The pain of ESWL is caused by skin sensation. Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (EMLA) cream (2.5% lidocaine and 2.5% prilocaine) has been used as a topical anesthetic on intact skin for various minor procedures. Studies have shown that it is effective in dramatically decreasing or eliminating the pain of ESWL. The use of topical EMLA as an anesthetic management technique for a patient undergoing ESWL is described.
一名44岁男性,有突发左侧腰痛病史,伴有恶心和镜下血尿。诊断为输尿管肾盂连接部结石,患者计划接受体外冲击波碎石术(ESWL)。ESWL利用电火花产生冲击波,该冲击波聚焦于输尿管或肾脏中的结石。冲击波对结石施加机械应力并将其粉碎,从而无需进行操作或开放手术。ESWL引起的疼痛是由皮肤感觉导致的。局部麻醉剂的共熔混合物(EMLA)乳膏(2.5%利多卡因和2.5%丙胺卡因)已被用作完整皮肤的局部麻醉剂,用于各种小手术。研究表明,它能有效显著减轻或消除ESWL的疼痛。本文描述了将局部EMLA用作接受ESWL患者的麻醉管理技术。