Kushnir T, Malkinson R, Ribak J
Occupational Health and Rehabilitation Institute, Loewenstein Hospital, Raanana, Israel.
J Occup Med. 1994 Dec;36(12):1335-40. doi: 10.1097/00043764-199412000-00016.
The World Health Organization Study Group on Training and Evaluation in Occupational Medicine has emphasized recently the importance of incorporating theoretical and practical aspects of primary and secondary prevention of stress in the professional training of occupational health practitioners. This paper describes such a course developed for the Tel-Aviv University Medical School graduate program in occupational health. The course objectives are consistent with the current call for improved training in psychosocial issues in medical care. Twenty-three occupational health practitioners (physicians, nurses, hygienists, and social workers) participated in a bisemester course. The first part included a stress management and prevention program based on the Rational-Emotive Training model. The main aim was to reduce irrational or dysfunctional thinking, which is considered a causal factor in stress and burnout. The second part involved the development and implementation of a field project on primary and secondary prevention of stress and its outcomes. Precourse, midcourse, and postcourse questionnaires showed a significant improvement in participants' psychosocial ability and a reduction in dysfunctional thinking compared with the control group. Such antistress resources may benefit practitioners and clients or patients alike, both potential victims of occupational stress.
世界卫生组织职业医学培训与评估研究小组最近强调，在职业健康从业者的专业培训中纳入压力一级和二级预防的理论与实践内容非常重要。本文介绍了为特拉维夫大学医学院职业健康研究生项目开发的这样一门课程。该课程目标与当前对改善医疗保健中社会心理问题培训的要求相一致。23名职业健康从业者（医生、护士、卫生员和社会工作者）参加了一个双学期课程。第一部分包括一个基于理性情绪训练模式的压力管理与预防项目。主要目的是减少被认为是压力和职业倦怠因果因素的非理性或功能失调思维。第二部分涉及一个关于压力一级和二级预防及其结果的实地项目的开发与实施。课前、课中及课后问卷显示，与对照组相比，参与者的社会心理能力有显著提高，功能失调思维有所减少。这种抗压力资源可能会使从业者以及客户或患者（职业压力的潜在受害者）都受益。
