Bagasra O, Farzadegan H, Seshamma T, Oakes J W, Saah A, Pomerantz R J
Dorrance H. Hamilton Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107.
AIDS. 1994 Dec;8(12):1669-74. doi: 10.1097/00002030-199412000-00005.
Sexual transmission is a major mode of the spread of HIV-1, although the cellular and molecular mechanisms are poorly defined. In this study, we sought to assess the cellular reservoirs of HIV-1 proviral DNA in the semen of HIV-1-infected men.
An in situ polymerase chain reaction (IS-PCR), which amplifies specific genes within intact cells, was used to evaluate levels of HIV-1 provirus in seminal cells from HIV-1-infected men in various stages of clinical disease.
Initial studies demonstrated HIV-1 provirus in relatively low numbers (1:100 to 1:6000) of both the seminal mononuclear cells and sperm from certain HIV-1-infected men. To extend these findings, 94 seminal samples from HIV-1-infected men were evaluated. HIV-1 proviral DNA was detected in seminal cells of a significant percentage of HIV-1-infected men (45%) at all stages of clinical immunodeficiency. Both seminal mononuclear cells and sperm (35 and 33% of samples studied, respectively) harbored HIV-1 proviral sequences. HIV-1-harboring sperm are shown to stain positively for HIV-1 in the mid-pieces of these cells, with rarer staining of the sperm heads.
HIV-1 proviral DNA can be demonstrated by IS-PCR in seminal mononuclear cells and sperm from certain HIV-1-infected men. The role played by proviral DNA in these cells in the sexual transmission of this retroviral agent will require further study.
性传播是HIV-1传播的主要方式，尽管其细胞和分子机制尚不明确。在本研究中，我们试图评估HIV-1感染男性精液中HIV-1前病毒DNA的细胞储存库。
采用原位聚合酶链反应（IS-PCR），该方法可扩增完整细胞内的特定基因，用于评估处于临床疾病不同阶段的HIV-1感染男性精液细胞中HIV-1前病毒的水平。
初步研究表明，在某些HIV-1感染男性的精液单核细胞和精子中，HIV-1前病毒数量相对较少（1:100至1:6000）。为扩展这些发现，对94份来自HIV-1感染男性的精液样本进行了评估。在临床免疫缺陷的各个阶段，相当比例（45%）的HIV-1感染男性的精液细胞中检测到HIV-1前病毒DNA。精液单核细胞和精子（分别占所研究样本的35%和33%）都含有HIV-1前病毒序列。携带HIV-1的精子在这些细胞的中段对HIV-1染色呈阳性，精子头部染色较少见。
通过IS-PCR可在某些HIV-1感染男性的精液单核细胞和精子中检测到HIV-1前病毒DNA。前病毒DNA在这些细胞中在这种逆转录病毒的性传播中所起的作用有待进一步研究。
