Ball J K, Curran R, Irving W L, Dearden A A
Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
J Med Virol. 1999 Nov;59(3):356-63. doi: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9071(199911)59:3<356::aid-jmv16>3.0.co;2-z.
This study was carried out to determine the relationship between proviral DNA and viral RNA titres in semen compared with blood. In addition, the association between semen leukocyte counts with detection frequency and absolute levels of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nucleic acids was also assessed. Paired samples of blood and semen were collected from a cohort of individuals with different blood CD4 cell counts, and whose anti-HIV therapy had not changed in the preceding 3 months. The cell-associated proviral DNA titres and cell-free plasma viral RNA titres were determined using nested primer polymerase chain reaction and NASBAtrade mark, respectively. In addition, leukocyte counts were determined by immunocytochemical and cytochemical staining of a subset of semen samples. HIV-1 proviral DNA was detected in 100% and 47%, and viral RNA was detected in 76% and 63%, of blood and semen samples tested, respectively. HIV-1 proviral DNA and viral RNA titres in blood were higher than in corresponding semen samples, although the difference observed in viral RNA titres was not statistically significant. Proviral DNA and viral RNA titres were correlated between the two body fluids, and within the semen, although some individuals had disparate semen and blood titres or detection rates, indicating genital tract compartmentalisation. In addition, detection of HIV-1 proviral DNA, but not of HIV RNA, in semen was associated with elevated semen leukocyte counts, although this latter finding requires verification in future studies of larger numbers of patients.
开展本研究旨在确定精液中前病毒DNA和病毒RNA滴度与血液中相应指标的关系。此外，还评估了精液白细胞计数与1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）核酸检测频率及绝对水平之间的关联。从不同血液CD4细胞计数且在过去3个月内抗HIV治疗未改变的一组个体中采集配对的血液和精液样本。分别使用巢式引物聚合酶链反应和NASBA商标法测定细胞相关前病毒DNA滴度和无细胞血浆病毒RNA滴度。此外，通过对一部分精液样本进行免疫细胞化学和细胞化学染色来确定白细胞计数。在检测的血液和精液样本中，分别有100%和47%检测到HIV-1前病毒DNA，76%和63%检测到病毒RNA。血液中的HIV-1前病毒DNA和病毒RNA滴度高于相应的精液样本，尽管病毒RNA滴度的差异无统计学意义。两种体液之间以及精液内部，前病毒DNA和病毒RNA滴度存在相关性，不过一些个体的精液和血液滴度或检测率不同，表明存在生殖道区室化。此外，精液中检测到HIV-1前病毒DNA而非HIV RNA与精液白细胞计数升高有关，尽管这一发现需要在未来更多患者的研究中得到验证。
