Woolverton W L, Massey B W, Winger G, Patrick G A, Harris L S
Department of Psychiatry, University of Chicago, IL.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1994 Dec;36(3):187-92. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(94)90144-9.
Aminorex is a cyclic phenylisopropylamine that has been marketed as an anorectic. Despite obvious pharmacological similarities to the amphetamines, little is known about its liability for abuse. In the present study, one group of rhesus monkeys (n = 3) was prepared with intravenous catheters and allowed to self-administer either methohexital or saline in daily experimental sessions. When methohexital and saline self-administration were stable and clearly different, various doses of aminorex (0.001-0.1 mg/kg/injection) were made available for self-administration. Aminorex maintained self-administration above that maintained by saline and slightly lower than that maintained by methohexital in all monkeys. The discriminative stimulus effects of aminorex were evaluated in rhesus monkeys trained to discriminate d-amphetamine (n = 3) or pentobarbital (n = 4) from saline. Aminorex substituted completely for d-amphetamine as a discriminative stimulus but engendered little or no pentobarbital-appropriate responding. Aminorex stimulated locomotor activity in mice and exacerbated the withdrawal syndrome in rats that were dependent upon pentobarbital. These findings indicate that aminorex is a psychomotor stimulant that would be predicted to have significant d-amphetamine-like abuse liability in humans.
氨苯雷司是一种环状苯基异丙胺，曾作为食欲抑制剂上市销售。尽管它在药理上与苯丙胺类药物有明显相似之处，但人们对其滥用倾向却知之甚少。在本研究中，一组恒河猴（n = 3）植入了静脉导管，并在每日实验时段内允许其自行注射美索比妥或生理盐水。当美索比妥和生理盐水的自行注射情况稳定且差异明显时，提供各种剂量的氨苯雷司（0.001 - 0.1毫克/千克/注射）供其自行注射。在所有猴子中，氨苯雷司维持的自行注射量高于生理盐水维持的量，略低于美索比妥维持的量。在经过训练能区分右旋苯丙胺（n = 3）或戊巴比妥（n = 4）与生理盐水的恒河猴中，评估了氨苯雷司的辨别刺激效应。氨苯雷司完全替代右旋苯丙胺作为辨别刺激，但几乎没有引发或完全没有引发与戊巴比妥相符的反应。氨苯雷司刺激小鼠的运动活动，并加剧了对戊巴比妥产生依赖的大鼠的戒断综合征。这些发现表明，氨苯雷司是一种精神运动兴奋剂，预计在人类中具有显著的类似右旋苯丙胺的滥用倾向。
