Muscati S K, Gray-Donald K, Newson E E
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Québec.
Can J Public Health. 1994 Nov-Dec;85(6):407-12.
The effects of pregravid weight, gestational weight gain and smoking on infant size, and the extent to which weight gain can compensate for smoking behaviour are explored in multivariate analysis of 1,330 healthy mothers and their full-term infants at the PEI Prenatal Nutritional Counselling Program. Stratified analysis by pregravid weight and smoking status indicated that gestational weight gain was linearly related to birthweight. Gestational weight gain significantly predicted the risk of small-for-gestational-age infants (SGA) only among smokers. Increased weight gain partially mitigated the negative effect of smoking on birthweight but among underweight smokers there was a high risk of SGA (> 10%) despite an elevated gestational weight gain. Level of smoking was directly related to infant birthweight, with substantial reduction even for light smokers. Complete smoking cessation is important for preventing low birthweight in Canada, particularly among underweight mothers.
在爱德华王子岛产前营养咨询项目中，对1330名健康母亲及其足月婴儿进行了多变量分析，探讨了孕前体重、孕期体重增加和吸烟对婴儿大小的影响，以及体重增加能够补偿吸烟行为的程度。按孕前体重和吸烟状况进行的分层分析表明，孕期体重增加与出生体重呈线性关系。孕期体重增加仅在吸烟者中显著预测了小于胎龄儿（SGA）的风险。体重增加的幅度部分减轻了吸烟对出生体重的负面影响，但在体重过轻的吸烟者中，尽管孕期体重增加有所升高，SGA风险仍然很高（>10%）。吸烟程度与婴儿出生体重直接相关，即使是轻度吸烟者，出生体重也会大幅降低。在加拿大，尤其是体重过轻的母亲中，完全戒烟对于预防低出生体重非常重要。
