Haby M M, Peat J K, Woolcock A J
Department of Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia.
Pediatr Pulmonol. 1994 Nov;18(5):323-9. doi: 10.1002/ppul.1950180510.
We have calculated normal standards for lung function of Australian children and have estimated the effects on lung function of passive smoking, current asthma, past asthma, and a current respiratory infection. Three cross-sectional samples of children in school years 3-5 (aged 8-11 years) were studied. The 2765 children were from two rural regions of NSW and from the city of Sydney. Details of passive smoking and respiratory illness were collected by a questionnaire sent to parents. Forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), and forced mid-expiratory flow rate (FEF25-75%) were used as measures of lung function. Airway responsiveness was assessed by histamine inhalation test. Data from 1278 "normal" children were used in regression analysis to calculate prediction models for lung function. Passive smoking was associated with reduced FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25-75%. Children with current asthma had reduced FEV1 and FEF25-75% and children with past asthma had reduced FEF25-75%. Children with a current respiratory infection had reduced FVC, FEV1, PEFR, and FEF25-75%. The effects of these deficits on the future lung function of these children is not known but is likely to be important.
我们已经计算出了澳大利亚儿童的肺功能正常标准，并估算了被动吸烟、当前哮喘、既往哮喘以及当前呼吸道感染对肺功能的影响。对3至5年级（8至11岁）的儿童进行了三个横断面样本研究。这2765名儿童来自新南威尔士州的两个农村地区以及悉尼市。通过向家长发放问卷收集被动吸烟和呼吸道疾病的详细信息。用力肺活量（FVC）、第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、呼气峰值流速（PEFR）和用力呼气中期流速（FEF25 - 75%）被用作肺功能指标。通过组胺吸入试验评估气道反应性。来自1278名“正常”儿童的数据用于回归分析，以计算肺功能预测模型。被动吸烟与FEV1、PEFR和FEF25 - 75%降低有关。当前患有哮喘的儿童FEV1和FEF25 - 75%降低，既往患有哮喘的儿童FEF25 - 75%降低。当前患有呼吸道感染的儿童FVC、FEV1、PEFR和FEF25 - 75%降低。这些肺功能缺陷对这些儿童未来肺功能的影响尚不清楚，但可能很重要。
