Baumgartner R W, Mattle H P, Schroth G, Sturzenegger M
Neurologische Universitätsklinik, Inselspital Bern.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1993 Nov 6;123(44):2102-9.
Transcranial color-coded duplex sonography (TCCD) represents an improvement in ultrasound technology for study of the intracranial circulation. This new method was applied in 33 healthy volunteers and 63 neurological patients in order to study the following questions: (1.) how often can non-occluded intracranial arteries be delineated; (2.) reliability of pathological TCCD findings in comparison with cerebral angiography; (3.) reference blood flow velocity data.
99% of vertebral (VA), 98% of basilar (BA), 96% of middle (MCA) and posterior cerebral (PCA), 95% of internal carotid (ICA; siphon and terminal segment), 93% of anterior cerebral (ACA), and 86% of posterior inferior cerebellar (PICA) arteries were delineated. In conjunction with the findings of extracranial color-coded duplex sonography (ECCD), 4 stenoses (2 MCA, 1 ICA and PCA each), 8 occlusions (4 ICA, 1 ACA, MCA, BA and VA each; differential diagnosis: subtotal stenosis), 9 collateral circulations (anterior and posterior communicating arteries in 4 cases each, occipital artery-intracranial VA in one), 4 cerebral arteriovenous malformations, and 2 giant aneurysms of the terminal ICA were suspected and confirmed by angiography. However, 2 hypoplastic VA's and ipsilateral PICA's were missed. (3.) Maximal +/- SD values were 83 +/- 27, 110 +/- 18, 67 +/- 12, 64 +/- 13, 53 +/- 13, and 51 +/- 12 cm/sec for systolic, and 36 +/- 9, 49 +/- 9, 30 +/- 7, 29 +/- 8, 24 +/- 7, and 25 +/- 7 cm/sec for end-diastolic velocity in the ACA, MCA, PCA, BA, VA, and PICA.
经颅彩色编码双功能超声检查（TCCD）是用于研究颅内循环的超声技术的一项改进。该新方法应用于33名健康志愿者和63名神经科患者，以研究以下问题：（1）非闭塞性颅内动脉的可描绘频率；（2）与脑血管造影相比，TCCD病理结果的可靠性；（3）参考血流速度数据。
99%的椎动脉（VA）、98%的基底动脉（BA）、96%的大脑中动脉（MCA）和大脑后动脉（PCA）、95%的颈内动脉（ICA；虹吸段和终末段）、93%的大脑前动脉（ACA）以及86%的小脑后下动脉（PICA）被描绘出来。结合颅外彩色编码双功能超声检查（ECCD）的结果，怀疑并经血管造影证实有4处狭窄（2处MCA、1处ICA和PCA各1处）、8处闭塞（4处ICA、1处ACA、MCA、BA和VA各1处；鉴别诊断：次全狭窄）、9处侧支循环（前交通动脉和后交通动脉各4例，枕动脉-颅内VA 1例）、4处脑动静脉畸形以及2处ICA终末段巨大动脉瘤。然而，2处发育不全的VA及其同侧的PICA被漏诊。（3）ACA、MCA、PCA、BA、VA和PICA的收缩期最大±标准差数值分别为83±27、110±18、67±12、64±13、53±13和51±12cm/秒，舒张末期速度分别为36±9、49±9、30±7、29±8、24±7和25±7cm/秒。
