Halstead S M, Barnes T R, Speller J C
Graylingwell Hospital, Chichester.
Br J Psychiatry. 1994 Feb;164(2):177-83. doi: 10.1192/bjp.164.2.177.
In a sample of 120 long-stay in-patients who fulfilled DSM-III-R criteria for schizophrenia, chronic akathisia and pseudoakathisia were relatively common, with prevalence figures of 24% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without evidence of chronic akathisia, those patients with the condition were significantly younger, were receiving significantly higher doses of antipsychotic medication, and were more likely to be receiving a depot antipsychotic. Patients who experienced the characteristic inner restlessness and compulsion to move of akathisia also reported marked symptoms of dysphoria, namely tension, panic, irritability and impatience. The findings support the suggestion that dysphoric mood is an important feature of akathisia. Male patients appeared to be at an increased risk of pseudoakathisia. No significant relation was found between chronic akathisia and tardive dyskinesia, although there was a trend for trunk and limb dyskinesia to be commonest in patients with chronic akathisia while orofacial dyskinesia was most frequently observed in those with pseudoakathisia. Akathisia may mask the movements of tardive dyskinesia in the lower limb. There was no evidence that akathisia was associated with positive or negative symptoms of schizophrenia nor with depression.
在120名符合精神分裂症DSM-III-R标准的长期住院患者样本中，慢性静坐不能和假性静坐不能相对常见，患病率分别为24%和18%。与没有慢性静坐不能证据的患者相比，患有这种疾病的患者明显更年轻，接受的抗精神病药物剂量明显更高，并且更有可能接受长效抗精神病药物治疗。经历了静坐不能特征性内心不安和多动冲动的患者也报告了明显的烦躁不安症状，即紧张、恐慌、易怒和不耐烦。这些发现支持了烦躁情绪是静坐不能重要特征的观点。男性患者出现假性静坐不能的风险似乎增加。虽然有趋势表明慢性静坐不能患者中躯干和肢体运动障碍最为常见，而假性静坐不能患者中口面部运动障碍最常出现，但未发现慢性静坐不能与迟发性运动障碍之间存在显著关联。静坐不能可能会掩盖下肢迟发性运动障碍的动作。没有证据表明静坐不能与精神分裂症的阳性或阴性症状以及抑郁症有关。
