Pletjushkina O J, Ivanova O J, Kaverina I N, Vasiliev J M
Belozersky Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Russia.
Exp Cell Res. 1994 Jun;212(2):201-8. doi: 10.1006/excr.1994.1135.
The effects of two microtubule-specific drugs, taxol and colcemid, upon the cell shape and cytoskeleton of several types of cultured fibroblastic cells were compared. While colcemid depolymerized completely the whole microtubular system, taxol induced decentralization of this system, leading to formation of numerous free microtubules filling the central cytoplasm. Morphometric determinations of two cell shape parameters, dispersion and elongation (G. Dunn and A. Brown, J. Cell Sci. (1986) 83, 313-340), have shown that, in all the tested cultures, taxol induced significantly larger decreases of average dispersion than colcemid; in addition, most taxol-treated cells, but not colcemid-treated ones, developed circumferential bundles of actin microfilaments instead of straight bundles. These results show that decentralization of the microtubular system, in contrast to its complete depolymerization, leads to the transformation of a polarized "fibroblast-like" cell morphology to an "epithelioid" morphology characterized by the smooth discoid cell shape and a circular actin pattern. Possible mechanisms of this transformation are briefly discussed.
比较了两种微管特异性药物紫杉醇和秋水仙酰胺对几种培养的成纤维细胞的细胞形态和细胞骨架的影响。秋水仙酰胺使整个微管系统完全解聚，而紫杉醇则导致该系统分散，形成许多充满中央细胞质的游离微管。对两个细胞形态参数，即分散度和伸长率（G.邓恩和A.布朗，《细胞科学杂志》（1986年）83卷，313 - 340页）进行的形态计量学测定表明，在所有测试培养物中，紫杉醇诱导的平均分散度降低幅度明显大于秋水仙酰胺；此外，大多数经紫杉醇处理的细胞，而非经秋水仙酰胺处理的细胞，形成了肌动蛋白微丝的周向束，而非直束。这些结果表明，与微管系统的完全解聚相反，其分散会导致极化的“成纤维细胞样”细胞形态转变为以光滑盘状细胞形态和圆形肌动蛋白模式为特征的“上皮样”形态。简要讨论了这种转变的可能机制。
