Putterman A M, Urist M J
Arch Ophthalmol. 1976 Nov;94(11):1941-54. doi: 10.1001/archopht.1976.03910040647013.
For good cosmesis the upper eyelid creases and folds must be symmetric. The lid creases must be the same height above the upper lid margins. The skin below the crease must be smooth and firmly attached to the tarsus, or, in cases with a short tarsus, adherent to the short tarsus and levator muscle up to the crease. The skin above the crease must be loosely attached so that it forms symmetric folds over the crease. We have developed surgical procedures aimed at the following: (1) equalizing the upper lid creases and folds where they are asymmetric, (2) creating lid creases and folds where absent, as in Orientals, (3) removing excess unsightly skin folds, as in dermatochalasis, and (4) forming a lid fold by skin grafting where there is insufficient skin above the crease.
为达到良好的美容效果，上睑皱襞和褶痕必须对称。睑皱襞在上睑缘上方的高度必须相同。皱襞下方的皮肤必须光滑且牢固地附着于睑板，或者在睑板较短的情况下，附着于短睑板和提上睑肌直至皱襞处。皱襞上方的皮肤必须附着松弛，以便在皱襞上形成对称的褶痕。我们已经开发出了针对以下情况的手术方法：(1) 使不对称的上睑皱襞和褶痕变得对称；(2) 像东方人那样，在没有睑皱襞和褶痕的地方制造出睑皱襞和褶痕；(3) 去除多余的、有碍观瞻的皮肤褶痕，如皮肤松弛症；(4) 在皱襞上方皮肤不足的地方通过植皮形成睑褶痕。
