Karasick D
Department of Radiology, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA 19107.
Semin Roentgenol. 1994 Apr;29(2):152-75. doi: 10.1016/s0037-198x(05)80062-8.
The incidence and severity of fractures and dislocations vary depending on their location and on the direction of the forces responsible for the injury. The radiologist's role in evaluation of the injured foot is to recognize the types of injuries produced by particular forces. Because there is considerable overlap of fractures and dislocations of the foot and ankle, evaluation of one area to the neglect of the other can lead to significant oversights and failure to recognize additional injury patterns. For example, fractures of the talus, calcaneus, base of the fifth metatarsal, and to a lesser extent, the cuboid and navicular bones may masquerade as ankle sprains or malleolar injuries. The most important aspects to correct interpretation of traumatized foot radiographs are (1) pertinent clinical history, (2) a complete radiographic series, and (3) detection of soft-tissue swelling or injury.
骨折和脱位的发生率及严重程度因损伤部位和致伤力方向而异。放射科医生在评估受伤足部时的作用是识别特定力所导致的损伤类型。由于足踝部的骨折和脱位存在相当多的重叠情况，仅评估一个部位而忽略另一个部位可能会导致重大疏漏，并无法识别其他损伤模式。例如，距骨、跟骨、第五跖骨基底骨折，以及程度较轻的骰骨和舟骨骨折，可能会被误诊为踝关节扭伤或踝部损伤。正确解读足部创伤X线片的最重要方面包括：（1）相关临床病史；（2）完整的X线片系列；（3）检测软组织肿胀或损伤。
