Josefsson E, Karlander E L
Community Dental Service, Department of Orthodontics, Motala, Linköping, Sweden.
Swed Dent J. 1994;18(3):87-94.
Traumatic dental injuries in children and adolescents are a common problem, and several studies have shown that the prevalence of these injuries is increasing. The aim of this study was to make a cross-sectional investigation of all traumatized permanent teeth in children living in a rural area and to estimate the time required for each treatment. Patient records from all children aged between 7 and 17 years living in the district of Boxholm were examined. Patients with documentation concerning any traumatic injury were invited to an examination and interview. The following variables were examined: age, sex, etiology, organized sport activity, type of injury, treatment, number of dental visits, and time utilized for dental care. Dental injuries were recorded in 11.7% (88) of children (63% boys, 37% girls) and prevalence was highest in the 8-12 year-old age group for boys (75%) and the 7-9 year-old age group for girls (63%). The most frequent etiological factors were collision during play, and falling over. In boys, 10% of all dental injuries were caused by violence. Simple enamel fractures of maxillary central incisors were the most common type of injury. The mean treatment time was 74 minutes for each trauma incident, and in 35% of cases, only one dental visit was required. It was concluded that the frequency of traumatic dental injuries in a rural area is lower than in urban areas.
儿童和青少年的外伤性牙损伤是一个常见问题，多项研究表明这些损伤的患病率正在上升。本研究的目的是对农村地区儿童所有受创伤的恒牙进行横断面调查，并估计每次治疗所需的时间。对居住在博克霍尔姆地区所有7至17岁儿童的病历进行了检查。邀请有任何外伤记录的患者进行检查和访谈。检查了以下变量：年龄、性别、病因、有组织的体育活动、损伤类型、治疗、看牙次数以及用于牙科护理的时间。11.7%（88名）儿童记录有牙损伤（男孩占63%，女孩占37%），患病率在8至12岁年龄组的男孩中最高（75%），在7至9岁年龄组的女孩中最高（63%）。最常见的病因是玩耍时碰撞和摔倒。在男孩中，所有牙损伤的10%是由暴力引起的。上颌中切牙单纯釉质骨折是最常见的损伤类型。每次创伤事件的平均治疗时间为74分钟，35%的病例仅需就诊一次。得出的结论是，农村地区外伤性牙损伤的发生率低于城市地区。
