Simoneau A R, Jones P A
USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles 90033-0800.
World J Urol. 1994;12(2):89-95. doi: 10.1007/BF00184243.
Recent investigations have given a clearer insight into the genetic progression of bladder cancer. In this review we identify the clinical courses of bladder cancer, review the basic concepts of carcinogenesis, and focus on the specific cytogenetic and molecular alterations observed in bladder cancer. Progression models to superficial and invasive disease are discussed.
近期的研究使人们对膀胱癌的基因进展有了更清晰的认识。在本综述中,我们确定了膀胱癌的临床病程,回顾了致癌作用的基本概念,并着重探讨了在膀胱癌中观察到的特定细胞遗传学和分子改变。文中还讨论了浅表性和浸润性疾病的进展模型。