Kobayashi H, Ishii M, Chanoki M, Yashiro N, Fushida H, Fukai K, Kono T, Hamada T, Wakasaki H, Ooshima A
Department of Dermatology, Osaka City University Medical School, Japan.
Br J Dermatol. 1994 Sep;131(3):325-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1994.tb08518.x.
Lysyl oxidase (EC 1.4.3.13), a copper-dependent enzyme which catalyses the formation of aldehyde cross-links, and acts primarily on collagen and elastin, is known to be increased during wound healing and in fibrotic disorders including liver cirrhosis and atherosclerosis, and to be decreased in some hereditary connective tissue diseases and in malignant cell lines. A recent study showed that lysyl oxidase might possess tumour suppressor activity as an antioncogene for ras. Little is known about the localization of this enzyme in human skin. In this study, we determined immunohistochemically the localization of lysyl oxidase in normal skin of young and elderly subjects obtained from sun-exposed and unexposed regions of the body. All skin samples tested had similar distributions of lysyl oxidase. The enzyme was present both extracellularly and intracellularly. Extracellularly, a few granular aggregates of immunoreactants were observed along collagen and elastic fibres. These granules were more common in the adventitial portion of the dermis than in the reticular portion. Of all sun-exposed and unexposed regions studied, the skin of the face displayed the greatest amount of extracellular immunoreactants. Immunopositive granules were observed intracellularly in fibroblasts, vascular endothelial cells, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, arrector pili muscles and some keratinocytes. These findings provide evidence that, as suggested in recent reports, lysyl oxidase may have a variety of intracellular functions.
赖氨酰氧化酶（EC 1.4.3.13）是一种依赖铜的酶，可催化醛交联的形成，主要作用于胶原蛋白和弹性蛋白。已知该酶在伤口愈合过程中以及在包括肝硬化和动脉粥样硬化在内的纤维化疾病中会增加，而在一些遗传性结缔组织疾病和恶性细胞系中会减少。最近的一项研究表明，赖氨酰氧化酶可能作为ras的抗癌基因具有肿瘤抑制活性。关于这种酶在人体皮肤中的定位知之甚少。在本研究中，我们通过免疫组织化学方法确定了从身体暴露和未暴露区域获取的年轻和老年受试者正常皮肤中赖氨酰氧化酶的定位。所有测试的皮肤样本中赖氨酰氧化酶的分布相似。该酶存在于细胞外和细胞内。在细胞外，沿着胶原纤维和弹性纤维观察到一些免疫反应物的颗粒聚集体。这些颗粒在真皮的外膜部分比在网状部分更常见。在所有研究的暴露和未暴露区域中，面部皮肤显示出最多的细胞外免疫反应物。在成纤维细胞、血管内皮细胞、汗腺、皮脂腺、立毛肌和一些角质形成细胞内观察到免疫阳性颗粒。这些发现提供了证据，正如最近的报告所表明的，赖氨酰氧化酶可能具有多种细胞内功能。
