Hofmann F, Schuh F, Michaelis M, Stössel U
Personalärztliche Untersuchungsstelle, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg.
Gesundheitswesen. 1994 Jul;56(7):371-6.
The acceptance of vaccinations depends on the quality of information on effects and side effects. This publication deals with the results of three questionnaire studies: Questionnaire 1 was directed to the general population and contained questions on vaccination history and acceptance of vaccinations, questionnaire two and three were addressed to practitioners (general medicine/paediatrics/internal medicine) with additional questions on the number of vaccinations performed per year. An average of 50% of the persons taking part in the questionnaire study had been vaccinated within the last 10 years against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and/or influenza. The acceptance of these vaccinations was quite satisfactory whereas opinions on mumps and measles vaccinations were quite negative. In the course of the questionnaire study with practitioners it could be demonstrated that vaccinations against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and influenza were regarded as useful while immunisation against mumps, measles, tuberculosis, pertussis and chicken-pox were not regarded as useful. Information programes on vaccinations and the need for further investigations are discussed as well as the problem of mandatory vaccinations.
疫苗接种的接受程度取决于有关疫苗效果和副作用的信息质量。本出版物介绍了三项问卷调查研究的结果：问卷1针对普通人群，包含有关疫苗接种史和疫苗接种接受度的问题，问卷2和问卷3针对从业者（普通医学/儿科学/内科医学），并额外询问了每年进行的疫苗接种数量。参与问卷调查研究的人员中，平均有50%在过去10年内接种过白喉、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎和/或流感疫苗。这些疫苗的接种接受度相当令人满意，而对腮腺炎和麻疹疫苗接种的看法则相当负面。在针对从业者的问卷调查过程中，可以证明白喉、破伤风、脊髓灰质炎和流感疫苗接种被认为是有用的，而腮腺炎、麻疹、结核病、百日咳和水痘免疫接种则不被认为是有用的。文中还讨论了疫苗接种信息项目和进一步调查的必要性，以及强制接种疫苗的问题。
