Cornwall M W
Department of Physical Therapy, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff 86011.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1994 Aug;20(2):74-80. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1994.20.2.74.
The use of heat and/or cold is common in many physical therapy treatment programs. Knowledge concerning their effect upon muscular performance would help in the design of exercise programs used with heat or cold. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of heating and cooling on maximum voluntary force and rate of force development in the wrist extensor muscles of men and women. The maximum rate of force development was assessed in 30 subjects under three separate conditions: 1) following immersion in a 40 degrees C water bath, 2) following immersion in a 10 degrees C water bath, and 3) a control condition. The results showed that peak force and rate of force development decreased, while time to peak force development increased in males following exposure to cold. In females, only the time to peak force development was found to be altered (increased) by cold exposure. No significant change in the speed of force development was found following heat application in either sex. Investigation of the force-time curve showed that the slope of the curve decreased following cold exposure. This study shows that cold, but not heat, application at temperatures commonly used in rehabilitation is sufficient to cause alterations in the wrist extensor muscle's ability to quickly develop isometric tension.
在许多物理治疗方案中，热疗和/或冷疗的使用很常见。了解它们对肌肉性能的影响将有助于设计与热疗或冷疗配合使用的运动方案。本研究的目的是调查加热和冷却对男性和女性腕伸肌最大随意力量及力量发展速率的影响。在三种不同条件下对30名受试者的最大力量发展速率进行了评估：1）浸泡在40摄氏度的水浴后；2）浸泡在10摄氏度的水浴后；3）对照条件。结果显示，男性在暴露于寒冷环境后，峰值力量和力量发展速率下降，而达到峰值力量发展的时间增加。在女性中，仅发现暴露于寒冷环境会改变（增加）达到峰值力量发展的时间。在两性中，热疗后力量发展速度均未发现显著变化。对力量-时间曲线的研究表明，暴露于寒冷环境后曲线斜率下降。这项研究表明，在康复中常用的温度下应用冷疗而非热疗，足以导致腕伸肌快速发展等长张力的能力发生改变。
