Sprusińska E
Department of Work Psychology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Lodz, Poland.
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 1994;7(1):23-32.
The aim of the study was to evaluate how far women are satisfied with their family function to compare the obtained results with the perception of a global stress (S. Cohen PSS) by the women under study and their mental health (D. Goldberg GHQ-28). The study was aided by the Family APGAR Index (designed by G. Smilkstein) used for the first time in Poland. A group of women (n = 98; mean age = 38) with different levels of education and subdivided into four occupational categories was selected for the study. About 75% of women were married and 80% of them had children. The results obtained differ significantly as far as general assessment and individual indicators are concerned. In 16% of women, the results suggest a serious dysfunction of their families. There are distinct differences between individual occupational groups. The general assessment of family function was significantly correlated with the estimate of the global stress (-31), with the total estimate (-26), as well as with the individual indicators of mental health--especially anxiety and sleeplessness (-33) and depression (-29). Women's satisfaction from the function of their families has, therefore, proved to be a significant factor contributing to lower level of the global stress and constituting a barrier against the occurrence of mental health disturbances.
该研究的目的是评估女性对其家庭功能的满意程度，并将所得结果与被研究女性对总体压力（S. 科恩编制的知觉压力量表）的感知及其心理健康状况（D. 戈德堡编制的一般健康问卷-28项）进行比较。该研究借助家庭APGAR指数（由G. 斯米尔斯坦设计）开展，此指数在波兰首次使用。研究选取了一组女性（n = 98；平均年龄 = 38岁），她们具有不同的教育水平，并细分为四个职业类别。约75%的女性已婚，其中80%育有子女。就总体评估和各项指标而言，所得结果存在显著差异。16%的女性结果显示其家庭存在严重功能失调。各个职业群体之间存在明显差异。家庭功能的总体评估与总体压力估计值（-31）、总估计值（-26）以及心理健康的各项指标——尤其是焦虑和失眠（-33）及抑郁（-29）显著相关。因此，女性对其家庭功能的满意度已被证明是导致总体压力水平降低的一个重要因素，并且是预防心理健康问题出现的一道屏障。
