Fishman P
Nutrition and Food Science Program, School of Health Sciences, Hunter College, New York.
Geriatrics. 1994 Oct;49(10):39-42, 345; quiz 46-7.
Nutrition problems of aging adults can be prevented, controlled, or treated, but the warning signs of malnutrition are often overlooked. Untreated malnutrition can lead to a spiral of infection, further malnutrition, and death. Simple assessment tools developed and distributed by the Nutrition Screening Initiative (NSI) can be used during an office visit to identify risk factors for poor nutritional status. These include advanced age, depression, social isolation, physical or cognitive impairment, and low income. Patients who are identified as being at high risk require immediate intervention, including medical and psychological evaluations. Often, an older adult without cognitive impairment can resume independent function when proper support is provided to correct the causes of malnutrition.
老年人的营养问题是可以预防、控制或治疗的，但营养不良的警示信号却常常被忽视。未经治疗的营养不良会导致感染、进一步的营养不良和死亡的恶性循环。营养筛查倡议组织（NSI）开发并分发的简单评估工具可在门诊就诊时用于识别营养状况不佳的风险因素。这些因素包括高龄、抑郁、社会隔离、身体或认知障碍以及低收入。被确定为高风险的患者需要立即进行干预，包括医学和心理评估。通常，在提供适当支持以纠正营养不良的原因后，没有认知障碍的老年人可以恢复独立生活能力。
