Otero G C, Merrill J E
Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine 90024.
Glia. 1994 Jun;11(2):117-28. doi: 10.1002/glia.440110207.
Given what evidence there is for the molecular and functional nature of cytokines and their cognate binding proteins in the immune system and the emerging similarities or even identities for these ligands and receptors in the nervous system, two general models may be relevant. The first emerging pattern is that receptors for related but distinct trophic factors in the CNS are in many instances multichain complexes with one or more shared components. The shared components of the receptor complex may be either signal- or nonsignal-transducing chains. A second emerging motif is that related ligands and related receptors fall into gene families. Undoubtedly, these models will facilitate the cloning of novel members of these families whose function is quite specific to the nervous system and in particular to glial cells. This article will review the function of the receptors for cytokines and families of differentiation/survival/growth factors as they operate on astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocytes in development, health, and disease.
鉴于免疫系统中细胞因子及其同源结合蛋白的分子和功能性质已有相关证据，且神经系统中这些配体和受体呈现出越来越多的相似性甚至同一性，可能存在两种通用模型。第一种新出现的模式是，中枢神经系统中相关但不同的营养因子的受体在许多情况下是多链复合物，具有一个或多个共享成分。受体复合物的共享成分可能是信号转导链或非信号转导链。第二个新出现的基序是，相关配体和相关受体属于基因家族。毫无疑问，这些模型将有助于克隆这些家族的新成员，其功能对神经系统尤其是神经胶质细胞具有相当的特异性。本文将综述细胞因子受体以及分化/存活/生长因子家族在发育、健康和疾病状态下对星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞发挥作用时的功能。
