Nikkonen M
Department of Nursing, University of Oulu, Finland.
J Adv Nurs. 1994 Jun;19(6):1185-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.1994.tb01203.x.
Finnish mental health care went through a major change in the 1980s. Its institutions were being run down and there was a shift to a caring system that stresses non-institutional practices. The schooling and work of the mental health nurse had to adapt to the new situation. The purpose of my study was to describe and analyse the mental health nurse's work, i.e. caring, as it is experienced by a nurse in the preparation of long-term psychiatric patients for non-institutional care. The data consist of repeated interviews with Vuokko, who has been a mental health nurse for about 30 years and is now approaching her retirement. In the light of the data, the central features of caring are caring about and taking an overall responsibility for the patient, and teaching the patient to cope with everyday life. Caring is based on practical knowledge, the essential elements of which are intimacy and feelings.
芬兰的精神卫生保健在20世纪80年代经历了重大变革。其机构逐渐衰败，开始转向强调非机构化做法的护理体系。精神科护士的教育和工作必须适应新形势。我研究的目的是描述和分析精神科护士的工作，即护理工作，这是一名护士在为长期精神病患者准备非机构化护理时所体验到的。数据包括对武科的多次访谈，她担任精神科护士约30年，现已临近退休。根据这些数据，护理的核心特征是关心患者并对其负全面责任，以及教导患者应对日常生活。护理基于实践知识，其基本要素是亲密感和情感。
