McIntosh K, Pitt J, Brambilla D, Carroll S, Diaz C, Handelsman E, Moye J, Rich K
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Infect Dis. 1994 Oct;170(4):996-1000. doi: 10.1093/infdis/170.4.996.
Serial blood cultures over the first 6 months of life in 310 infants with vertical exposure to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the Women and Infants Transmission Study were analyzed to determine their value for early diagnosis of HIV infection. Cultures were done at 0-7 days and 1, 2, 4, and 6 months of age: 55 infants were infected. Blood culture sensitivity in infected children was 24% (7/29) during the first week of life and 85%, 91%, 82%, and 88%, respectively, at 1, 2, 4, and 6 months. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of a single culture between 1 and 6 months of age were, respectively, 86.9%, 99.6%, 97.9%, and 97.5%. Two negative cultures between 1 and 6 months of age defined an uninfected infant with a specificity of 99.2%-100.0%. Blood culture done between 1 and 6 months of age in children of HIV-positive mothers is a sensitive and specific test for HIV infection, with high positive and negative predictive values.
在母婴传播研究中，对310名垂直感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的婴儿出生后头6个月内的系列血培养进行了分析，以确定其对HIV感染早期诊断的价值。血培养在0至7天以及1、2、4和6月龄时进行：55名婴儿受到感染。感染儿童在出生后第一周血培养的敏感性为24%（7/29），而在1、2、4和6月龄时分别为85%、91%、82%和88%。1至6月龄时单次血培养的敏感性、特异性以及阳性和阴性预测值分别为86.9%、99.6%、97.9%和97.5%。1至6月龄时两次血培养阴性可确定婴儿未感染，特异性为99.2%至100.0%。对HIV阳性母亲的儿童在1至6月龄时进行血培养是一种对HIV感染敏感且特异的检测方法，具有较高的阳性和阴性预测值。
