Karp R D, Hildemann W H
Transplantation. 1976 Nov;22(5):434-9. doi: 10.1097/00007890-197611000-00004.
Transplantation studies with the sea star Dermasterias imbricata revealed that this echinoderm rejected most first-set allografts after prolonged chronic reactions. All control autografts remained intact and fully viable. The greatly accelerated rejection of subsequent second- and third-set allografts demonstrated that these reactions were not only highly specific, but that these animals possess at least short-term immunological memory. The specific nature of the allograft response was confirmed by the prolonged survival of unrelated third party allografts placed at the same time as second- or third-set allografts. Animals in these experiments were maintained in sea water at temperatures of 14-16 C. Since this low temperature is required for successful maintenance of this species, temperature-dependence studies could not be undertaken. The rejection reaction was characterized by loss of pigmentation, edematous swelling, and necrosis. Histologically, the allograft tissue was heavily infiltrated by lymphocyte-like cells and phagocytic cells, causing disruption of the normal cytoarchitecture of the dermis. Deposits of fibrous material were also in evidence. Autografts, on the other hand, remained fully viable with no signs of rejection. We conclude that this asteroid, a representative of the echinoderms, has a well-developed, cell-mediated immune response analogous to that of vertebrates.
对海星Dermasterias imbricata进行的移植研究表明，这种棘皮动物在长期慢性反应后会排斥大多数初次异体移植物。所有对照自体移植物均保持完整且完全存活。随后对第二次和第三次异体移植物的排斥反应大大加速，这表明这些反应不仅具有高度特异性，而且这些动物至少具有短期免疫记忆。与第二次或第三次异体移植物同时植入的无关第三方异体移植物的长期存活证实了同种异体移植反应的特异性。这些实验中的动物饲养在温度为14-16摄氏度的海水中。由于成功饲养该物种需要这种低温，因此无法进行温度依赖性研究。排斥反应的特征是色素沉着丧失、水肿性肿胀和坏死。组织学上，异体移植组织被淋巴细胞样细胞和吞噬细胞大量浸润，导致真皮正常细胞结构破坏。纤维物质沉积也很明显。另一方面，自体移植物保持完全存活，没有排斥迹象。我们得出结论，这种作为棘皮动物代表的海星具有与脊椎动物类似的发达的细胞介导免疫反应。
