Fettig R H, Kay J F
J Oral Implantol. 1994;20(1):42-8.
Subperiosteal implants have been providing a treatment modality for the edentulous and partially edentulous patient for over 35 years. A recent innovation in subperiosteal dental implant materials technology is the use of hydroxylapatite (HA) coating as a surface coating on the implanted metal framework. The purpose of this study was to compare the intermediate-term soft-tissue performance of HA-coated subperiosteal dental implants with that of uncoated subperiosteal dental implants at equivalent time periods. Four choices of each implant variety were followed for approximately six years. At five years, one patient died, so one HA-coated implant was lost to further follow-up. One uncoated subperiosteal needed to be removed at four years, due to unremitting dehiscence around the post area. The remaining implants were followed, and results indicate that the early healing sequelae appear to be hastened and that the intermediate-term status is non-problematic for all implants. Hard-tissue reactions are not necessarily apparent by direct observation. The HA-coated implants were associated with a kinder soft-tissue response, typified by a tighter, healthier soft-tissue seal around the perigingival abutment posts and no post-implantation strut dehiscence complications. HA coating appears to represent an incremental increase in performance of uncoated metallic subperiosteal dental implants, for soft-tissue as well as hard-tissue response.
骨膜下种植体为无牙颌和部分无牙颌患者提供治疗方式已有35年以上。骨膜下牙种植体材料技术的一项最新创新是使用羟基磷灰石（HA）涂层作为植入金属框架的表面涂层。本研究的目的是比较HA涂层骨膜下牙种植体与未涂层骨膜下牙种植体在相同时间段的中期软组织性能。每种种植体类型选择4颗，随访约6年。5年时，1例患者死亡，因此1颗HA涂层种植体失去进一步随访。1颗未涂层骨膜下种植体在4年时因桩周围持续裂开而需要取出。对其余种植体进行随访，结果表明早期愈合后遗症似乎加快，且所有种植体的中期状况均无问题。通过直接观察不一定能明显看出硬组织反应。HA涂层种植体与更良好的软组织反应相关，其典型表现为龈周基桩周围软组织密封更紧密、更健康，且无种植后支柱裂开并发症。对于软组织和硬组织反应，HA涂层似乎代表了未涂层金属骨膜下牙种植体性能的逐步提升。
