Dolins J C, Christoffel K K
American Academy of Pediatrics, Elk Grove Village, IL 60007.
Pediatrics. 1994 Oct;94(4 Pt 2):638-51.
A basic framework for developing an advocacy plan must systematically break down the large task of policy development implementation into manageable components. The basic framework described in detail in this paper includes three steps: Setting policy objectives by narrowing the scope of policy, by reviewing policy options, and by examining options against selected criteria. Developing strategies for educating the public and for approaching legislative/regulatory bodies. Evaluating the effectiveness of the advocacy action plan as a process and as an agent for change. To illustrate the variety of ways in which pediatricians can be involved in the policy process to reduce violent injuries among children and adolescents, we apply this systematic approach to three priority areas. Prohibiting the use of corporal punishment in schools is intended to curb the institutionalized legitimacy of violence that has been associated with future use of violence. Efforts to remove handguns from the environments of children and adolescents are aimed at reducing the numbers of firearm injuries inflicted upon and by minors. Comprehensive treatment of adolescent victims of assault is intended to decrease the reoccurrence of violent injuries.
制定宣传计划的基本框架必须系统地将政策制定实施的重大任务分解为可管理的组成部分。本文详细描述的基本框架包括三个步骤：通过缩小政策范围、审查政策选项以及根据选定标准审查选项来设定政策目标。制定面向公众和接触立法/监管机构的策略。评估宣传行动计划作为一个过程以及作为变革推动者的有效性。为了说明儿科医生参与政策制定过程以减少儿童和青少年暴力伤害的各种方式，我们将这种系统方法应用于三个优先领域。禁止在学校使用体罚旨在遏制与未来暴力使用相关的暴力行为的制度化合法性。努力从儿童和青少年环境中移除手枪旨在减少未成年人遭受和造成的枪支伤害数量。对青少年袭击受害者进行综合治疗旨在减少暴力伤害的再次发生。
