Biscaldi M, Fischer B, Aiple F
Department of Neurophysiology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
Perception. 1994;23(1):45-64. doi: 10.1068/p230045.
Twenty-four children made saccades in five noncognitive tasks. Two standard tasks required saccades to a single target presented randomly 4 deg to the right or left of a fixation point. Three other tasks required sequential saccades from the left to the right. 75 parameters of the eye-movement data were collected for each child. On the basis of their reading, writing, and other cognitive performances, twelve children were considered dyslexic and were divided into two groups (D1 and D2). Group statistical comparisons revealed significant differences between control and dyslexic subjects. In general, in the standard tasks the dyslexic subjects had poorer fixation quality, failed more often to hit the target at once, had smaller primary saccades, and had shorter reaction times to the left as compared with the control group. The control group and group D1 dyslexics showed an asymmetrical distribution of reaction times, but in opposite directions. Group D2 dyslexics made more anticipatory and express saccades, they undershot the target more often in comparison with the control group, and almost never overshot it. In the sequential tasks group D1 subjects made fewer and larger saccades in a shorter time and group D2 subjects had shorter fixation durations than the subjects of the control group.
24名儿童在五项非认知任务中进行了扫视。两项标准任务要求扫视到位于注视点右侧或左侧4度处随机呈现的单个目标。另外三项任务要求从左到右进行连续扫视。为每个儿童收集了75项眼动数据参数。根据他们的阅读、书写和其他认知表现，12名儿童被认为患有诵读困难症，并被分为两组（D1和D2）。组间统计比较显示，对照组和诵读困难症患者之间存在显著差异。总体而言，在标准任务中，诵读困难症患者的注视质量较差，更常不能一次击中目标，初次扫视较小，与对照组相比，向左的反应时间较短。对照组和D1组诵读困难症患者的反应时间呈不对称分布，但方向相反。D2组诵读困难症患者进行更多预期性和快速扫视，与对照组相比，他们更常未达到目标，几乎从未超过目标。在连续任务中，D1组受试者在更短时间内进行的扫视次数更少、幅度更大，D2组受试者的注视持续时间比对照组受试者更短。
