Field E F, Pellis S M
Department of Psychology, University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Physiol Behav. 1994 Aug;56(2):325-30. doi: 10.1016/0031-9384(94)90202-x.
Treatment with d-amphetamine has been shown to cause a decrease in play fighting by juvenile rats. Previous studies, however, did not determine if all behavioral components of play were equally diminished. In this study, the effects of amphetamine on both the attack and defense patterns of play fighting were analyzed. Experiment 1 shows that a 0.5 mg/kg dose, injected subcutaneously in the nape, decreases both attack and defense. In contrast, Experiment 2 shows that the same dose, injected subcutaneously in the hip, decreases the level of attack to a similar level, but does not significantly affect defense. This suggests that while the 0.5 mg/kg dose of amphetamine is primarily affecting the attack components of play, via its action on the central nervous systems, the reduced likelihood of defense for those rats injected in the nape probably results from a local anesthetic effect, which numbs the area of the body defended during play fighting. Further doses (0.15 & 1.0 mg/kg), injected in the hip, were also tested. The highest dose decreased both components of play. The lowest dose had no effect on either attack or defense. It is suggested that the attack and defensive components of play fighting may be mediated by different neural systems.
已证明用右旋苯丙胺治疗会导致幼鼠嬉戏打斗行为减少。然而，先前的研究并未确定嬉戏的所有行为成分是否均同等程度减少。在本研究中，分析了苯丙胺对嬉戏打斗中攻击和防御模式的影响。实验1表明，在颈部皮下注射0.5毫克/千克剂量的苯丙胺会使攻击和防御行为均减少。相比之下，实验2表明，在臀部皮下注射相同剂量的苯丙胺会使攻击水平降至相似程度，但对防御没有显著影响。这表明，虽然0.5毫克/千克剂量的苯丙胺主要通过对中枢神经系统的作用影响嬉戏的攻击成分，但对于在颈部注射的那些大鼠，防御可能性降低可能是由于局部麻醉作用，该作用使嬉戏打斗中用于防御的身体部位麻木。还测试了在臀部注射的其他剂量（0.15和1.0毫克/千克）。最高剂量降低了嬉戏的两个成分。最低剂量对攻击或防御均无影响。有人提出，嬉戏打斗的攻击和防御成分可能由不同的神经系统介导。
