Gerhardsson L, Oskarsson A, Skerfving S
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University Hospital, Sweden.
Sci Total Environ. 1994 Aug 22;153(3):237-45. doi: 10.1016/0048-9697(94)90203-8.
Environmental pollution by acid precipitation increases the solubilization and mobilization of toxic metals. Through the food chain, this may alter the intake of toxic and essential elements in man. Potential adverse health effects could follow after increased human exposure. For the general population, the exposure pattern and health effects caused by aluminium, cadmium, lead and mercury are of particular concern. Although there are several indications that the exposure to toxic elements (e.g. aluminium, cadmium, lead and methylmercury), as well as the intake of essential elements (e.g. selenium), may be affected by acid precipitation, there is presently no firm evidence of adverse health effects in man. However, the present data clearly indicate that the safety margins are small. Thus, the ongoing acidification in many areas must be stopped before such effects become evident. The effects on trace element status and human health by acid precipitation were discussed at the ISTERH (International Society for Trace Element Research in Humans) Conference in Stockholm, May, 1992. The main findings are briefly summarized here.
酸雨造成的环境污染会增加有毒金属的溶解和迁移。通过食物链，这可能会改变人类对有毒元素和必需元素的摄入量。人类接触增加后可能会产生潜在的不良健康影响。对于普通人群而言，铝、镉、铅和汞所造成的接触模式和健康影响尤其令人担忧。尽管有若干迹象表明，接触有毒元素（如铝、镉、铅和甲基汞）以及必需元素（如硒）的摄入量可能会受到酸雨的影响，但目前尚无确凿证据表明对人类健康有不良影响。然而，目前的数据清楚地表明安全边际很小。因此，在这种影响变得明显之前，必须阻止许多地区正在进行的酸化过程。1992年5月在斯德哥尔摩召开的国际人类微量元素研究学会（ISTERH）会议上讨论了酸雨对微量元素状况和人类健康的影响。主要研究结果在此简要总结。
