Kaulhausen H, Klingsiek L
Fortschr Med. 1976 Dec 2;94(34):2005-13.
In Europe, about 1 per cent of women using oral contraceptives develop hypertension. The frequency seems to increase with age and in women who had earlier shown hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. A failure in the feedback mechanisms of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is suggested to be an important factor in the etiology of hypertension induced by oral contraceptives. Usually, blood pressure returns to normal after cessation of treatment with contraceptive steroids; on the other hand, some cases of irreversible hypertension and kidney failure have been described. Besides the measurement of blood pressure before any treatment with hormonal contraceptives is started, blood pressure should be controlled after three months. In the differential diagnosis of hypertension induced by oral contraceptives, primary aldosteronism and renal artery stenosis have to be excluded; these hypertensive disorders show similar biochemical changes, but should be treated by surgical intervention. The choice of other contraceptives by women with this type of hypertensive disease is discussed.
在欧洲，约1%使用口服避孕药的女性会患高血压。其发病率似乎随年龄增长以及既往有妊娠高血压疾病的女性而增加。肾素 - 血管紧张素 - 醛固酮系统反馈机制失灵被认为是口服避孕药所致高血压病因中的一个重要因素。通常，停用避孕类固醇治疗后血压会恢复正常；另一方面，也有一些不可逆高血压和肾衰竭病例的报道。除了在开始任何激素避孕治疗前测量血压外，三个月后也应监测血压。在口服避孕药所致高血压的鉴别诊断中，必须排除原发性醛固酮增多症和肾动脉狭窄；这些高血压疾病表现出相似的生化变化，但应通过手术干预进行治疗。本文还讨论了患有此类高血压疾病的女性对其他避孕方法的选择。
