Schwartz B
Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1994 May;38 Suppl:S23-34. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(94)90044-2.
Studies using fluorescein angiography have shown that two types of circulatory defects occur in the optic disk and retina of open-angle glaucomatous eyes. The first is a defect of the microcirculation of the optic disk characterized as a fluorescein defect. Such defects begin as small areas of relatively little filling of the small vessels of the disk with fluorescein. The areas of defect show leakage for both fluorescein and indocyanine green. These defects increase in size and number with the progression of the disease. Fluorescein defects are significantly correlated with visual field loss and retinal nerve fiber layer loss. The second circulatory defect is a decrease of flow of fluorescein in the retinal vessels, especially the retinal veins, so that the greater the age, diastolic blood pressure, ocular pressure and visual field loss, the less the flow. Both the optic disk and retinal circulation defects occur in untreated ocular hypertensive eyes. These observations indicate that circulatory defects in the optic disk and retina occur in ocular hypertension and open-angle glaucoma and increase with the progression of the disease.
使用荧光素血管造影的研究表明，开角型青光眼患者的视盘和视网膜会出现两种循环缺陷。第一种是视盘微循环缺陷，表现为荧光素缺陷。此类缺陷最初表现为视盘小血管内荧光素充盈相对较少的小区域。缺陷区域对荧光素和吲哚菁绿均有渗漏。随着疾病进展，这些缺陷的大小和数量会增加。荧光素缺陷与视野缺损和视网膜神经纤维层缺损显著相关。第二种循环缺陷是视网膜血管，尤其是视网膜静脉中荧光素流动减少，因此年龄越大、舒张压越高、眼压越高以及视野缺损越严重，血流量就越少。视盘和视网膜循环缺陷在未经治疗的高眼压眼中均会出现。这些观察结果表明，视盘和视网膜的循环缺陷在高眼压和开角型青光眼中都会出现，并随着疾病进展而增加。
