Pink M, Perry J, Houglum P A, Devine D J
Biomechanics Laboratory, Centinela Hospital Medical Center, Inglewood, California 90301.
Am J Sports Med. 1994 Jul-Aug;22(4):541-9. doi: 10.1177/036354659402200418.
The purposes of this study in the recreational runner were to describe and compare lower extremity sagittal range of motion and vertical body displacement for slow and fast paces during treadmill and overground running, and to compare timing of the running phases at the two paces. Vertical displacement of the body, and flexion and extension of the hip, knee, and ankle were measured with a motion analysis system at 200 hertz as the subjects self-selected the two paces. No statistically significant differences were seen when comparing sagittal motion on a treadmill with overground running. Statistically more vertical displacement during overground running was recorded when compared with treadmill running. Peak vertical force was near midstance when the ankle, knee, and hip approached maximum flexion. Results demonstrated that during a slow pace the approximate arcs of motion were: ankle, 50 degrees; knee, 95 degrees; and hip, 40 degrees. During running at a fast pace, the hip required more extension in early swing; the hip and knee required more flexion in middle and late swings. The fact that ankle motion did not change with the different speeds gave credence to the belief that push-off, or toe-off, is not the source of power in running.
本研究针对休闲跑步者的目的是，描述并比较在跑步机上跑步和在地面跑步时，慢步与快步的下肢矢状面运动范围和身体垂直位移，并比较两种步速下跑步阶段的时间。当受试者自行选择这两种步速时，使用运动分析系统以200赫兹的频率测量身体的垂直位移以及髋、膝、踝关节的屈伸情况。将跑步机上的矢状面运动与地面跑步进行比较时，未发现统计学上的显著差异。与跑步机跑步相比，地面跑步时记录到的垂直位移在统计学上更大。当踝关节、膝关节和髋关节接近最大屈曲时，垂直力峰值接近步幅中点。结果表明，在慢步时，近似的运动弧度为：踝关节50度；膝关节95度；髋关节40度。在快步跑步时，髋关节在摆动前期需要更多伸展；髋关节和膝关节在摆动中期和后期需要更多屈曲。踝关节运动不随速度变化这一事实，支持了蹬地（或离地）不是跑步动力来源的观点。
