Osipov S A, Cherniakova I V, Kiselevich V E, Korinenko A N
Anesteziol Reanimatol. 1993 Jan-Feb(1):44-5.
The authors compare the efficacies of trimecaine (8 mg/kg), lidocaine (8 mg/kg), azacaine (2 and 3 mg/kg) alone and in combination with morphine (1.2 mg/kg), administered epidurally. Analgesia efficacy and duration were assessed by the electrostimulation method in experimental rabbits. First the pain threshold was defined, then the tested drugs were injected epidurally; the degree of the pain threshold rise permitted a judgment on the analgetic effect of the drugs. Combined injection of morphine and any of the tested anesthetics to the epidural space considerably prolonged the analgesia. The duration of the analgetic effect was the longest (over 24 h) with azacaine-based mixtures. Preliminary injection of morphine (1 h before azacaine) was conducive to a more rapid development of the epidural block and a more smooth course of analgesia. Experiments with mice have shown that addition of morphine to azacaine in the before volumes did not change azacaine toxicity.
作者比较了三甲卡因（8毫克/千克）、利多卡因（8毫克/千克）、阿扎卡因（2毫克/千克和3毫克/千克）单独使用以及与吗啡（1.2毫克/千克）联合硬膜外给药的效果。通过电刺激法评估实验兔的镇痛效果和持续时间。首先确定痛阈，然后硬膜外注射受试药物；痛阈升高的程度可判断药物的镇痛效果。将吗啡与任何一种受试麻醉剂联合注入硬膜外腔可显著延长镇痛时间。以阿扎卡因为基础的混合物的镇痛作用持续时间最长（超过24小时）。预先注射吗啡（在阿扎卡因前1小时）有助于更快速地产生硬膜外阻滞以及更平稳的镇痛过程。对小鼠的实验表明，在上述剂量下将吗啡添加到阿扎卡因中不会改变阿扎卡因的毒性。
