Añez N, Nieves E, Cazorla D, Oviedo M, Lugo de Yarbuh A, Valera M
Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biologia, Universidad de Los Andes, Merida, Venezuela.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1994 Jun;88(3):279-87. doi: 10.1080/00034983.1994.11812868.
An entomological survey revealed that the distribution of the Lutzomyia species in Merida, Venezuela, varies with altitude. Of the 21 species encountered, 12 (57%) are known to be anthropophilic. The significance of the predominant man-biting species at any altitude is discussed in terms of the risk of transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis. The general parous rate (and perhaps the ability of a female sandfly to survive oviposition and transmit Leishmania parasites during a second or subsequent bloodmeal) was found to be related to rainfall and altitude. The finding of Leishmania infections in wild-caught parous females of anthropophilic species indicates the high risk of acquiring leishmaniasis in the study area. Observations on the feeding habits of the sandflies indicate that some species are opportunistic feeders, attracted to a variety of hosts, including man.
一项昆虫学调查显示，委内瑞拉梅里达的卢氏白蛉种类分布随海拔高度而变化。在所发现的21个种类中，已知有12种（57%）嗜人血。根据皮肤利什曼病的传播风险，讨论了在任何海拔高度占主导地位的叮咬人类的种类的重要性。发现总产卵率（或许还有雌性白蛉在产卵后存活以及在第二次或后续取食时传播利什曼原虫寄生虫的能力）与降雨量和海拔高度有关。在野外捕获的嗜人血种类的经产雌性白蛉中发现利什曼原虫感染，表明研究区域感染利什曼病的风险很高。对白蛉取食习性的观察表明，一些种类是机会性取食者，会被包括人类在内的各种宿主所吸引。
