Schabdach D G, Goldberg S H, Breton M E, Griffith J W, Lang C M, Cunningham D
Department of Comparative Medicine, Penn State University College of Medicine, Hershey 17033.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg. 1994 Sep;10(3):200-5. doi: 10.1097/00002341-199409000-00011.
Intraorbital hemorrhage may arise spontaneously or following orbital or periorbital surgery or trauma and may be associated with visual loss or impairment. This project was designed to evaluate the ophthalmic effects and underlying mechanism(s) associated with visual impairment secondary to intraorbital hemorrhage. An experimental surgical procedure was developed to simulate intraorbital hemorrhage. A reversible state of unilateral visual loss secondary to acutely increased intraorbital volume was induced and maintained under general anesthesia for either 90, 120, or 180 min duration in nine adult nonhuman primates (NHPs) (Macaca arctoides). Color funduscopic photography, i.v. fluorescein angiography, electrophysiological testing, and tonometry were obtained during baseline, experimental, and follow-up procedures. The globes and optic nerves were obtained for histopathologic evaluation. One of three animals in the 180 min experimental group exhibited clinical and histopathological changes of optic neuropathy 6 weeks after the experimental procedure. Optic neuropathy is one of several proposed etiologies for producing visual loss secondary to intraorbital hemorrhage. This study offers a reliable, safe, and reversible technique to study the effects of acutely increased intraorbital volume in nonhuman primates. The animal model described may be useful for evaluating mechanism(s) involved with visual impairment in other acquired optic neuropathies.
眶内出血可自发出现，或发生于眼眶或眶周手术或外伤后，可能伴有视力丧失或损害。本项目旨在评估眶内出血继发视力损害的眼科效应及潜在机制。开发了一种实验性手术程序来模拟眶内出血。在全身麻醉下，诱导并维持九只成年非人灵长类动物（食蟹猴）出现因眶内容积急性增加继发的单侧视力丧失的可逆状态，持续90、120或180分钟。在基线、实验和随访过程中进行彩色眼底摄影、静脉荧光素血管造影、电生理测试和眼压测量。获取眼球和视神经进行组织病理学评估。180分钟实验组的三只动物中有一只在实验程序6周后出现了视神经病变的临床和组织病理学变化。视神经病变是眶内出血继发视力丧失的几种可能病因之一。本研究提供了一种可靠、安全且可逆的技术，用于研究非人灵长类动物眶内容积急性增加的影响。所描述的动物模型可能有助于评估其他获得性视神经病变中涉及视力损害的机制。
