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Emulating cognitive diagnostic skills without clinical experience: a report of medical students using Quick Medical Reference and Iliad in the diagnosis of difficult clinical cases.在没有临床经验的情况下模仿认知诊断技能：一份关于医学生使用《快速医学参考》和《伊利亚特》诊断疑难临床病例的报告。
Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care. 1994:991.
2
Iliad training enhances medical students' diagnostic skills.《伊利亚特》训练提高了医学生的诊断技能。
J Med Syst. 1991 Feb;15(1):93-110. doi: 10.1007/BF00993883.
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The influence of a decision support system on the differential diagnosis of medical practitioners at three levels of training.决策支持系统对三个培训水平的医学从业者鉴别诊断的影响。
Proc AMIA Annu Fall Symp. 1996:219-23.
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[Use of expert systems in internal medicine. Analysis of performance and reliability of the Quick Medical Reference].[内科中专家系统的应用。快速医学参考的性能与可靠性分析]
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Performance of four computer-based diagnostic systems.四种基于计算机的诊断系统的性能。
N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 23;330(25):1792-6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199406233302506.
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[Expert systems in gastroenterology].[胃肠病学中的专家系统]
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Iliad training effects: a cognitive model and empirical findings.《伊利亚特》训练效果：一种认知模型及实证研究结果
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Use of the Quick Medical Reference (QMR) program as a tool for medical education.将快速医学参考（QMR）程序用作医学教育工具。
Methods Inf Med. 1989 Nov;28(4):340-5.
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Changes in diagnostic decision-making after a computerized decision support consultation based on perceptions of need and helpfulness: a preliminary report.基于需求和有用性认知的计算机化决策支持咨询后诊断决策的变化：初步报告
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Iliad's role in the generalization of learning across a medical domain.伊利亚德在跨医学领域学习的泛化过程中的作用。
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Artificial Intelligence Techniques That May Be Applied to Primary Care Data to Facilitate Earlier Diagnosis of Cancer: Systematic Review.人工智能技术在初级保健数据中的应用，以促进癌症的早期诊断：系统综述。
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本文引用的文献

1
Medical diagnostic decision support systems--past, present, and future: a threaded bibliography and brief commentary.医学诊断决策支持系统——过去、现在与未来：一份带注释的文献目录及简要评论
J Am Med Inform Assoc. 1994 Jan-Feb;1(1):8-27. doi: 10.1136/jamia.1994.95236141.

在没有临床经验的情况下模仿认知诊断技能：一份关于医学生使用《快速医学参考》和《伊利亚特》诊断疑难临床病例的报告。

Emulating cognitive diagnostic skills without clinical experience: a report of medical students using Quick Medical Reference and Iliad in the diagnosis of difficult clinical cases.

作者信息

Gozum M E

机构信息

Department of Medicine, Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia.

出版信息

Proc Annu Symp Comput Appl Med Care. 1994:991.

PMID:7950096
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2247713/
Abstract

Diagnosing complex internal medicine cases has traditionally been the domain and hallmark of clinical expertise. However, the creation of a differential diagnosis list using abstracted case information can be seen as a database query function and has been emulated by software such as QMR and Iliad. To test this premise, twenty two sophomore medical students were taught how to abstract clinical data, and use QMR and Iliad to diagnose complex clinical cases from the New England Journal of Medicine. Half of the students were able to provide correct diagnoses within a list of ten. These preliminary results supports a notion that clinical diagnosis may be a skill independent of clinical experience.

摘要

传统上，诊断复杂的内科病例一直是临床专业知识的领域和标志。然而，使用提取的病例信息创建鉴别诊断列表可被视为一种数据库查询功能，并且已经被诸如QMR和Iliad等软件所模仿。为了验证这一前提，22名大二医学生学习了如何提取临床数据，并使用QMR和Iliad来诊断《新英格兰医学杂志》上的复杂临床病例。一半的学生能够在十个诊断列表中给出正确的诊断。这些初步结果支持了这样一种观点，即临床诊断可能是一种独立于临床经验的技能。