Lincoln M J, Turner C W, Haug P J, Warner H R, Williamson J W, Bouhaddou O, Jessen S G, Sorenson D, Cundick R C, Grant M
Department of Medical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City 84132.
J Med Syst. 1991 Feb;15(1):93-110. doi: 10.1007/BF00993883.
Iliad is a computerized, expert system for internal medical diagnosis. The system is designed to teach diagnostic skills by means of simulated patient case presentations. We report the results of a controlled trial in which junior students were randomly assigned to received Iliad training on one of two different simulated case mixes. Each group was subsequently tested in both their "trained" and "untrained" case domain. The testing consisted of computerized, simulated patient cases for which no training feedback was provided. Outcome variables were designed to measure the students' performance on these test cases. The results indicate that students made fewer diagnostic errors and more conclusively confirmed their diagnostic hypotheses when they were tested in their trained domain. We conclude that expert systems such as Iliad can effectively teach diagnostic skills by supplementing trainees' actual case experience with computerized simulations.
《伊利亚特》是一个用于内科诊断的计算机化专家系统。该系统旨在通过模拟患者病例展示来传授诊断技能。我们报告了一项对照试验的结果，在该试验中，低年级学生被随机分配接受关于两种不同模拟病例组合之一的《伊利亚特》培训。随后，每组学生都在其“训练过的”和“未训练过的”病例领域接受测试。测试包括计算机化的模拟患者病例，且未提供训练反馈。结果变量旨在衡量学生在这些测试病例上的表现。结果表明，当学生在其训练过的领域接受测试时，他们犯的诊断错误更少，并且更能确凿地证实他们的诊断假设。我们得出结论，像《伊利亚特》这样的专家系统可以通过用计算机模拟补充受训者的实际病例经验，有效地传授诊断技能。
