Sham R L, Francis C W
Department of Medicine, Rochester General Hospital, NY 14621.
Blood Rev. 1994 Jun;8(2):98-104. doi: 10.1016/s0268-960x(05)80014-1.
The diagnostic approach to easy bruising or a suspected mild bleeding disorder includes a careful history and physical examination as well as laboratory investigations. The history should determine whether or not a bleeding disorder exists and help elucidate possible causes. The physical examination should evaluate evidence of bleeding and identify systemic illness. The laboratory investigation should include both screening and more specific diagnostic tests depending on the results of the screening tests and clinical findings. The review will provide a framework for generating a differential diagnosis in patients with suspected bleeding disorders and will categorize them into abnormalities of coagulation factors, platelets and those related to blood vessels and supporting tissues.
对于容易出现瘀伤或疑似轻度出血性疾病的诊断方法包括详细的病史询问、体格检查以及实验室检查。病史应确定是否存在出血性疾病，并有助于阐明可能的病因。体格检查应评估出血证据并识别全身性疾病。实验室检查应根据筛查试验结果和临床发现，包括筛查和更具特异性的诊断测试。本综述将为疑似出血性疾病患者进行鉴别诊断提供一个框架，并将它们分类为凝血因子、血小板以及与血管和支持组织相关的异常情况。
