Collins L C, Cornelius M F, Vogel R L, Walker J F, Stamford B A
Division of Respiratory and Environmental Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University of Louisville, KY 40292.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1994 Aug;18(8):551-6.
The thermic effect of cigarette smoking is dampened by the thermic effect of a meal, but potentiated by the thermic effect of exercise. The impact of the combined influences of caffeine and cigarette smoking is unknown. We examined the 3-h thermic response to smoking four 0.8 mg nicotine cigarettes, ingesting 200 mg of caffeine, or both, in ten fasted healthy men. Smoking four 0.8 mg nicotine cigarettes increased resting energy expenditure (REE) by 3.3% over a 3 h measurement period. Consumption of 200 mg of caffeine in the fasted condition increased REE of the smokers by 4.8% over 3 hours. Smoking four 0.8 mg cigarettes and ingesting 200 mg of caffeine significantly increased REE by 7.5% during the 3 h measurement period. At times early in the observation period, the combined thermic effect of cigarettes and caffeine was more than additive, but the effect was short-lived. A control group of nonsmokers was studied comparing REE following placebo or 200 mg of caffeine. Caffeine increased REE in the non-smoking controls 6.7%. This was not significantly different from results obtained on smokers. Fasted and non-smoking (baseline) REE was similar in smokers and non-smoking control subjects. It was concluded that the effects of caffeine on REE are additive.
吸烟的热效应会被进餐的热效应所减弱，但会被运动的热效应所增强。咖啡因与吸烟共同作用的影响尚不清楚。我们对10名空腹的健康男性进行了研究，观察他们在吸4支含0.8毫克尼古丁的香烟、摄入200毫克咖啡因或两者兼有的情况下，3小时内的热反应。在3小时的测量期内，吸4支含0.8毫克尼古丁的香烟使静息能量消耗（REE）增加了3.3%。在空腹状态下摄入200毫克咖啡因，吸烟者的REE在3小时内增加了4.8%。在3小时的测量期内，吸4支含0.8毫克的香烟并摄入200毫克咖啡因使REE显著增加了7.5%。在观察期早期，香烟和咖啡因的联合热效应大于两者相加的效果，但这种效果持续时间较短。对一组不吸烟的对照组进行了研究，比较了服用安慰剂或200毫克咖啡因后的REE。咖啡因使不吸烟对照组的REE增加了6.7%。这与在吸烟者身上得到的结果没有显著差异。吸烟者和不吸烟对照组受试者的空腹和非吸烟（基线）REE相似。研究得出结论，咖啡因对REE的影响是相加的。
