Scullion P A
Accid Emerg Nurs. 1994 Apr;2(2):79-86. doi: 10.1016/0965-2302(94)90064-7.
This study has two main focuses; comparing the experience of two groups of student nurses and identifying stressors associated with Accident and Emergency (A & E) nursing. One group was on an enrolled nurse conversion course and the other group was on a full length Registered General Nurse (RGN) course. Both groups shared the same clinical area and the study involved only one A & E department. Particular stressors associated with this type of nursing were identified and were in keeping with previously published evidence. Other causes of stress could be attributed to the working environment and quality of working relationships. An indication emerged that anticipation of stressful events, and not just actual experience, is very significant in the cognitive processes involved in the perception of stress. A correlational survey design was used and a questionnaire incorporating a stress scale was devised. No significant association between reported stress levels and the age of students was found. Place of residence as a variable also revealed no influence on student stress. However, a marked difference, of statistical significance, was shown between the stress levels of the two groups. Interpretation of the data points to prior experience as a key mediating factor in the perception and experience of stress. Following discussion, recommendations regarding further research and changes affecting both the theoretical and practical settings are made.
比较两组实习护士的经历，并确定与急诊护理相关的压力源。一组参加注册护士转换课程，另一组参加全日制注册全科护士（RGN）课程。两组在相同的临床区域实习，且该研究仅涉及一个急诊科。确定了与这类护理相关的特定压力源，这些压力源与先前发表的证据一致。其他压力源可能归因于工作环境和工作关系质量。有迹象表明，对压力事件的预期，而不仅仅是实际经历，在压力感知所涉及的认知过程中非常重要。采用了相关调查设计，并设计了一份包含压力量表的问卷。未发现报告的压力水平与学生年龄之间存在显著关联。居住地作为一个变量，也未显示对学生压力有影响。然而，两组的压力水平之间显示出具有统计学意义的显著差异。对数据的解释表明，先前经验是压力感知和体验中的一个关键中介因素。经过讨论，提出了关于进一步研究以及影响理论和实践环境的变革的建议。
