Dorant E, van den Brandt P A, Goldbohm R A
Department of Epidemiology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Cancer Res. 1994 Dec 1;54(23):6148-53.
The association between the consumption of onions and leeks (vegetables belonging to the Allium genus), garlic supplements, and the risk of lung carcinoma was investigated in a large-scale prospective cohort study on diet and cancer in the Netherlands. The Netherlands Cohort Study was started in 1986 among 120,852 men and women, ages 55-69 years, by collecting information on usual diet and important life-style characteristics. After 3.3 years of follow-up, 550 incident lung carcinoma cases were observed. Information on Allium vegetable consumption was available for 484 lung carcinoma cases and 3123 members of a randomly sampled subcohort. In stratified analysis, a lower lung carcinoma risk was observed in the highest onion intake category [rate ratio (RR) = 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.45-0.95] compared to the lowest consumption category. After including other, dietary and nondietary, determinants of lung carcinoma in the multivariable models and using pack years for past and current smoking, instead of using smoking status categorized as never, ex-, and current smoking, the rate ratio in the highest intake category increased to 0.80 and was no longer significantly different from unity (95% confidence interval, 0.52-1.24). Leek consumption was not associated with risk for lung carcinoma (RR = 1.08; 95% confidence interval 0.80-1.45 in the highest intake category, compared to the lowest). No statistically significant trends in the rate ratios associated with increasing consumption of these vegetables were detected for lung carcinoma or the four histological subtypes. A higher lung carcinoma risk was observed for those subjects who used exclusively garlic supplements (RR = 1.78; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-2.92), compared to those not taking dietary supplements. A lower lung carcinoma risk was seen for those using garlic supplements together with any other supplement (RR = 0.93; 95% confidence interval 0.46-1.86) compared to those using any other supplement. In conclusion, we found no evidence of a relation between the consumption of onions or leeks and the risk of lung carcinoma or any of the histological subtypes. Garlic supplement use seems not associated with a lower risk of lung carcinoma.
在荷兰一项关于饮食与癌症的大规模前瞻性队列研究中，对洋葱和韭菜（葱属蔬菜）的摄入量、大蒜补充剂与肺癌风险之间的关联进行了调查。荷兰队列研究始于1986年，纳入了120852名年龄在55至69岁之间的男性和女性，收集了他们的日常饮食和重要生活方式特征信息。经过3.3年的随访，观察到550例新发肺癌病例。484例肺癌病例和随机抽取的亚队列中的3123名成员提供了葱属蔬菜摄入量的信息。在分层分析中，与最低摄入量类别相比，洋葱摄入量最高类别中的肺癌风险较低[率比（RR）=0.65；95%置信区间为0.45 - 0.95]。在多变量模型中纳入肺癌的其他饮食和非饮食决定因素，并使用过去和当前吸烟的包年数，而不是将吸烟状况分为从不吸烟、曾经吸烟和当前吸烟，最高摄入量类别的率比增加到0.80，与1不再有显著差异（95%置信区间为0.52 - 1.24）。韭菜摄入量与肺癌风险无关（最高摄入量类别与最低摄入量类别相比，RR = 1.08；95%置信区间为0.80 - 1.45）。对于肺癌或四种组织学亚型，未检测到与这些蔬菜摄入量增加相关的率比有统计学显著趋势。与未服用膳食补充剂的受试者相比，仅使用大蒜补充剂的受试者肺癌风险更高（RR = 1.78；95%置信区间为1.08 - 2.92）。与使用任何其他补充剂的受试者相比，同时使用大蒜补充剂和任何其他补充剂的受试者肺癌风险较低（RR = 0.93；95%置信区间为0.46 - 1.86）。总之，我们没有发现洋葱或韭菜摄入量与肺癌风险或任何组织学亚型之间存在关联的证据。使用大蒜补充剂似乎与降低肺癌风险无关。
