Dorant E, van den Brandt P A, Goldbohm R A
Department of Epidemiology, University of Limburg, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Carcinogenesis. 1996 Mar;17(3):477-84. doi: 10.1093/carcin/17.3.477.
The association between onion and leek consumption, garlic supplement use and colon and rectum carcinoma among men and women was evaluated in the Netherlands Cohort Study, a large-scale prospective cohort study on diet and cancer. Onions, leeks, and garlic belong to the Allium genus and contain large amounts of potentially chemopreventive compounds. The Netherlands Cohort Study was started in 1986 among 120 852 men and women, aged 55-69 years. Dietary intake was measured with a 150-item food frequency questionnaire. After 3.3 years of follow-up, 150 and 143 incident male and female cases of colon carcinoma, and 93 and 57 cases of rectum carcinoma, respectively, with complete dietary data were available for analysis. Dietary data were available for 1525 men and 1598 women of a randomly selected subcohort, that was followed up to estimate person-time in the entire cohort. In men, the adjusted rate ratios (RRs) in multivariable analysis for colon and rectum carcinoma in the highest compared to the lowest onion consumption categories were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.48-1.65), and 0.66 (95% CI = 0.28-1.52), respectively. The RRs for proximal colon carcinoma were lower than for distal colon carcinoma. Leek consumption was not associated with colon and rectum carcinoma incidence in men. None of the RRs were significantly different from unity and no trends in the RRs were detected. A lower risk was found for rectum carcinoma in women consuming less than 0.25 onions per day (RR=0.36, 95% CI = 0.13-0.99), but the trend in the RRs was not statistically significant (P = 0.25). All other RRs for colon and rectum carcinoma associated with onion consumption were slightly higher than one. Leek consumption was not associated with colon and rectum carcinoma incidence. The use of garlic supplements was not associated with colon and rectum carcinoma in men and women combined. This study does not support an inverse association between the consumption of onions and leeks, or the use of garlic supplements and the incidence of male and female colon and rectum carcinoma.
在荷兰队列研究中，评估了男性和女性食用洋葱和韭菜、使用大蒜补充剂与结肠癌和直肠癌之间的关联。该研究是一项关于饮食与癌症的大规模前瞻性队列研究。洋葱、韭菜和大蒜属于葱属，含有大量潜在的化学预防化合物。荷兰队列研究于1986年启动，研究对象为120852名年龄在55至69岁之间的男性和女性。通过一份包含150个项目的食物频率问卷来测量饮食摄入量。经过3.3年的随访，分别有150例和143例男性和女性结肠癌新发病例，以及93例和57例直肠癌新发病例，其饮食数据完整可供分析。对于一个随机选取的亚队列中的1525名男性和1598名女性，有饮食数据，对该亚队列进行随访以估计整个队列的人时。在男性中，多变量分析中，与洋葱消费量最低类别相比，最高洋葱消费量类别中结肠癌和直肠癌的调整率比（RRs）分别为0.87（95%置信区间[CI]=0.48 - 1.65）和0.66（95%CI = 0.28 - 1.52）。近端结肠癌的RRs低于远端结肠癌。男性食用韭菜与结肠癌和直肠癌发病率无关。所有RRs与1无显著差异，且未检测到RRs的趋势。对于每天食用洋葱少于0.25个的女性，直肠癌风险较低（RR = 0.36，95%CI = 0.13 - 0.99），但RRs的趋势无统计学意义（P = 0.25）。与洋葱消费相关的所有其他结肠癌和直肠癌RRs略高于1。食用韭菜与结肠癌和直肠癌发病率无关。男性和女性联合使用大蒜补充剂与结肠癌和直肠癌无关。本研究不支持食用洋葱和韭菜、使用大蒜补充剂与男性和女性结肠癌和直肠癌发病率之间存在负相关。
