Pérez-Arce P
Substance Abuse Services, Ward 93, UCSF San Francisco General Hospital 94110.
Int J Addict. 1994 Jul;29(9):1189-99. doi: 10.3109/10826089409047936.
Six papers were presented in the course of a 2-day symposium on the topic of Latinas and Substance Use. The individuals invited to present included established as well as evolving female investigators within the fields of indigenous peoples' psychology, sociology, and ethnography. Methodology used in the studies ranged from epidemiological telephone surveys to ethnographic observations. What made this conference unique and exciting in the first place was that a select group of female researchers, who have as the focus of their investigations substance use patterns in Latino populations, were gathered together for 2 days to listen, process, and discuss the Latina experience as it relates to her profile of substance use, abuse, and her response to substance use and abusing patterns within her family and community. Topics of investigations included depth of HIV knowledge among adolescent Latinas, prevalence of protective practices of Latinas when engaging in high-risk behaviors, and childhood experiences of Latinas who exhibit extremely deviant behaviors. All of the studies had as a primary background substance-using practices primarily related to alcohol use and abuse. In her literature review Canino states that alcohol consumption is multiply influenced or determined by the community's perception of this behavior, accessibility to the substance, physiological tolerance, demographic variables, and ethnic and subcultural group characteristics. The papers presented in one way or another substantiate and support this perspective. The present critique raises a number of questions about what may constitute culturally sensitive research methodology, the confounds in the interpretation of acculturation as a unitary concept, and the troubling issues and conflicts raised by what is perceived as an imperative to preserve cultural traditions.
在为期两天的关于拉丁裔与物质使用主题的研讨会上，共发表了六篇论文。受邀发表演讲的人员包括原住民心理学、社会学和人种学领域中已成名以及正在成长的女性研究人员。研究中使用的方法从流行病学电话调查到人种学观察不等。首先，使这次会议独特且令人兴奋的是，一群专门研究拉丁裔人群物质使用模式的女性研究人员聚集在一起，为期两天，倾听、梳理并讨论拉丁裔女性在物质使用、滥用方面的经历，以及她们在家庭和社区中对物质使用及滥用模式的反应。研究主题包括拉丁裔青少年对艾滋病知识的了解程度、拉丁裔女性在从事高风险行为时的保护行为发生率，以及表现出极端偏差行为的拉丁裔女性的童年经历。所有研究的主要背景都是与酒精使用和滥用相关的物质使用行为。卡尼诺在她的文献综述中指出，酒精消费受到社区对这种行为的认知、物质的可获得性、生理耐受性、人口统计学变量以及种族和亚文化群体特征等多种因素的影响或决定。所发表的论文以某种方式证实并支持了这一观点。本评论提出了一些问题，包括什么可能构成文化敏感的研究方法、将文化适应作为一个统一概念进行解释时的混淆因素，以及因认为有必要保留文化传统而引发的棘手问题和冲突。
